LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
CAGA 101: The 12 Dirty Truths of Foot Mechanics
Dirty Truth #4: Shock Absorption is Energy Loss–Understanding Loading in Gait Analysis
Perhaps the most surprising and unintuitive of all the dirty truths is number four, “Shock absorption via cushion is energy loss.” At first blush, cushion seems like a no-brainer benefit. When we delve into this idea a bit deeper, applying our structure, the forces acting on the lower limbs, and applying the physics that we talked about in the last three dirty truths, the truth of number four becomes clear.
By Jay Segel, DPM; Sally Crawford, MS
Forefoot Adduction Strengthens the Abductor Hallucis in HV
Integrating targeted exercises focused on AH strengthening, both pre- and post-surgery, offers a comprehensive approach to HV management. The abductor hallucis (AH) is the most important muscle in the…
By Giacomo Farì, Laura Dell’Anna, Francesco Paolo Bianchi, Rachele Mancini, Enrica Chiaia Noya, Carlo De Serio, Riccardo Marvulli, Luisa De Palma, Danilo Donati, Roberto Tedeschi, Maurizio Ranieri, Marisa Megna, and Andrea Bernetti
Lower Extremity Injuries Managed by Fire Department Emergency Medical Services
Emergency medical services (EMS) calls accounted for 65.2% of all incidents to which United States (US) fire departments responded in 2023. A portion of fire department EMS calls are likely to involve lower extremity injuries. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of these lower extremity injuries.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
Antimicrobial Resistance in Wound Care
Chronic, hard-to-heal wounds are a major aspect of care in most podiatric offices, which is why antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating concern for healthcare practitioners. AMR is not only a growing concern for patient health but also poses potential legal and economic ramifications for healthcare providers.
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP, FAPWH
Non-Unions of the Hind Foot
Hind foot non-unions are a complex orthopedic challenge that clinicians face, particularly due to the unique anatomy and weight-bearing responsibilities of this part of the foot. Non-unions occur when a fracture fails to heal nine months after injury or shows no radiographic improvement over a consecutive 3-month period. This condition is not only painful but can also severely impact mobility and quality of life.
By Zeeshan Husain, DPM, FACFAS, FASPS
CAGA 101: The 12 Dirty Truths of Foot Mechanics
Dirty Truth #3: What We Can’t See Is Key. In the last 2 installments, we talked about our problematic foot anatomy and what happens to the structure during weight bearing and activity. Much like how a mousetrap precisely captures its target, analyzed computer-aided gait analysis (CAGA) reports accurately “mousetrap” and track the unseeable, providing valuable insights and objective data.
By Jay Segel, DPM; Sally Crawford, MS
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Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
Exercise, Kinesiology Tape or Orthosis Best for Pain in Women with HV
One of the most common foot health problems in adults is hallux valgus. The...
Outcomes after Arthroscopic Broström-Gould Procedure for CLAI
Chronic lateral ankle sprains are common injuries that are largely sequelae of...
Freeze-Dried Platelet-Derived Concentrate for Achilles Tendon Rupture in Athletes
Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) often occur in competitive athletes. Various...
Posture Adaptations to Varying Visual Conditions in Dancers & Non-Dancers with CAI
Even though dancers have good postural control ability, ankle sprain is the...
Factors Impacting Lower Limb Injury in Female Runners
Running is a popular form of physical activity with significant health...
Risk Factors of Ankle Sprain in Soccer Players
Soccer is associated with substantial injury risk, with reported between 13 to...
Positive Outcomes of Medial Arch-Hindfoot Reconstruction in Children
Although surgical alignment of the rear-foot might be sufficient to achieve...
Sports- and Recreation-Related Toe Fractures
Fractures of the toes are among the most frequently diagnosed lower extremity...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Researchers Engineer Treatment Design Software for Movement Impairments
Researchers led by Benjamin J. Fregly, PhD, a professor of mechanical...
Insulin + Metformin May Be a New DFU Treatment
Researchers from Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, and South...
Gait Retraining Eases Pain, Slows Cartilage Damage
Researchers from the University of Utah (U of U), Salt Lake City; New York...
Pin-Free Robotic Surgery–New Orthopedic Technology
Scientists at Saarland University’s Homburg Campus, Germany, have developed a...
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Post-LAS Walking Boot Use Reduces CAI
*Early Career Winner* This study investigated the effectiveness of care strategies and...
Muscle Contributions Altered During Drop Vertical Jumps in CAI
This study examined the joint loads and muscle forces during landing in individuals with chronic...
The Impact of Supervised Rehabilitation and Re-Injury of LAS
There is an increased risk for re-injury throughout the first 12 months after an acute lateral...
LAS Healthcare Utilization by D-I Collegiate Athletes
Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is a common injury with a high recurrence rate. Potential inequities in...
A Case of Posterior Ankle Impingement In a Collegiate Level Soccer Player
Background: Posterolateral ankle impingement typically presents as pain on the posterolateral...
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Virtual Reality Gait-Training Platform
GaitBetter is a state-of-the-art motor-cognitive virtual reality (VR) intervention for gait rehabilitation and fall prevention. It uses gamification and semi-immersive VR to simulate motor-cognitive challenges that patients experience in everyday life. Clinically...
Adjustable Toe Separators
Tuli’s Soft Moves Adjustable Toe Separators provide customizable comfort and gentle alignment with a patent-pending design made from soft, medical-grade silicone gel. They help relieve pain from bunions, plantar fasciitis, hammertoes, and more while promoting...
Fusion Collection from Waco
Waco Shoe Company’s Fusion Collection is an orthotic-grade footwear line that combines casual designs for those who value support and sporty style. The Fusion Collection for women includes Zest, a strappy sandal; Vitality, a practical clog; Energy, a versatile...
UV Shoe Sanitizers
The SteriShoe® shoe sanitizer is designed specifically for footwear. This patented product features dual, non-ozone producing 5-watt UVC germicidal bulbs safely housed in steel frames that slip into your shoes. Once activated, they emit light at a wavelength that...
Walking Assistance Wearable Robot
WIM (We Innovate Mobility) is a walking assistance wearable robot designed for the active young generation, seniors seeking improved mobility, and patients recovering from lower extremity injuries. Weighing just 1.6 kilograms, it can be donned or doffed in under 30...
Minimally Invasive ACL Repair Implant
The proprietary bio-engineered Bridge-Enhanced® ACL Repair (BEAR®) Implant is used to facilitate healing of the torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) by acting as a bridge between the 2 ends of the torn ligament. The surgeon injects a small amount of the patient’s own...
Minimally Invasive ACL Repair Implant
The proprietary bio-engineered Bridge-Enhanced® ACL Repair (BEAR®) Implant is used to facilitate healing of the torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) by acting as a bridge between the 2 ends of the torn ligament. The surgeon injects a small amount of the patient’s own...
Vibration Stimulation for Tendinopathy
Tend-Deep is an easy-to-use, at-home wellness device that uses pinpointed direct vibrational stimulation with multiple patterns and settings to provide convenient at-home treatment for pain points and tendons. The device’s direct vibration stimulation specifically...
Bunion Screw Technology
Voom™ Medical Devices’s Revcon™ bunion screw technology is indicated for use in minimally invasive bunion surgery (MIBS). The patented dual-zone screw technology features alternating non-compressive thread pitches targeted to the cortical and cancellous regions of the...
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