Mobility disability is associated with functional decline in older adults. Resistance training (RT) improves mobility disability, but adherence to national RT guidelines is poor. Researchers evaluated the effects of a 12-week brief, home-based functional RT program, FAST (Functional Activity Strength Training)-2, on adherence and functional impairment in older, inactive adults ≥ 65 years of age, with pre-existing walking difficulty.
Lower Extremity Review
Preoperative Pes Planus on Orthopedic Implant Removal After First MTP Joint Arthrodesis
First metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint fusion is a frequently employed surgical treatment option for hallux rigidus and hallux valgus. Implant-related complications are common, necessitating further investigation into predisposing factors. The altered mechanics of pes planus may influence surgical outcomes; however, its direct impact on implant removal rates post-fusion remains unclear.
Peroneal Muscle Size and Quality Changes after Rehab in Patients with CAI
Peroneal muscles are the primary stabilizers against ankle inversion movements associated with lateral ankle sprains. Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) demonstrate peroneal muscle deficits including decreased strength, slower nerve conduction velocity, and reduced cross-sectional area. Ultrasound (US) imaging provides a valid, cost-effective method to assess peroneal muscle size and quality following rehabilitation.
Deltoid Ligament Injury: Thinking Beyond the Ankle–Expert Opinion
Deltoid ligament (DL) injuries are common in ankle trauma, yet their optimal management remains debated. Most trauma literature considers DL injury as an isolated ankle problem, whereas foot-and-ankle specialists view the ankle and the foot as a complex problem. This disconnect leaves a critical knowledge gap that these researchers’ work aims to address.
Corticosteroid Injection Practices for Common Foot and Ankle Conditions
Corticosteroid injections are commonly used to manage foot and ankle conditions. There is limited evidence guiding corticosteroid selection, dosing, imaging guidance and injection techniques. This study aimed to describe current corticosteroid injection practices among Australian podiatrists and podiatric surgeons.
Biological Augmentation During Acute Achilles Tendon Repair
Acute Achilles tendon rupture may present intraoperatively with severely frayed and macerated tendon ends (“mop-end”), which can compromise primary repair strength and increase the risk of gap formation. Case report: A 43-year-old male sustained a right Achilles tendon rupture during recreational football. Ultrasound confirmed a complete rupture. Open surgical repair was performed 6 days after injury.
Lateral Plantar Angioplasty/Reverse Sural Flap Reconstruction for Heel Limb Salvage
Diabetic foot ulcers complicated by peripheral arterial disease are associated with poor wound healing and an increased risk of amputation. Heel wounds are particularly difficult to reconstruct because of their weight-bearing function and limited soft-tissue coverage. While revascularization is commonly performed for critical limb ischemia, limited evidence guides its use prior to reconstructive surgery in patients with preserved in-line arterial flow.
Hinge Position and Wedge Orientation in Zadek Osteotomy Across Different Foot Morphologies
The Zadek osteotomy (ZO) is a surgical option for insertional Achilles tendinopathy. By modifying the position of the posterior calcaneal tuberosity, ZO may reduce posterosuperior calcaneal prominence, mechanical conflict at the Achilles insertion, and tensile stress on the tendon. A weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT)-based virtual simulation was performed on 60 asymptomatic feet, categorized as cavus (n = 20), neutral (n = 20), or planus (n = 20).
Intramuscular Glomus Tumor of Foot Presenting as Neuroma of Sural Nerve
Glomus tumors are benign vascular hamartomas that lie in the reticular layer as an arteriovenous anastomosis in the dermis. A glomus tumor is usually located in the subungual region of the digits. They occur more often in the hand (75%) than elsewhere and are located beneath the fingernail in 25-65% of patients. Clinical and radiological (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) usually clinch the diagnosis in the majority of cases.
Surgery Versus Watchful Waiting for First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis
Hallux rigidus, or osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ), causes pain and functional limitation. No randomized trials have compared surgery with the natural course of the disease. To compare first MTPJ arthrodesis-a widely used surgical intervention-with watchful waiting in reducing walking-related pain in symptomatic hallux rigidus at 12 months after randomization. Adults aged 40 years or older with radiographically confirmed…
CAI and Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review
Chronic ankle instability (CAI) and chronic low back pain are highly prevalent in musculoskeletal conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that they are interconnected through shared biomechanical, neuromuscular, and neurophysiological mechanisms, where deficits in proprioception, postural control, and load distribution contribute to persistent dysfunction across the kinetic chain.
Muscular Pronation in First Metatarsal After Hallux Valgus Osteotomies
Metatarsal pronation has been reported to be a significant recurrence factor for hallux valgus after corrective osteotomies. The extent of pronation correction with distal metatarsal I osteotomies varies greatly from patient to patient without the reason being known. The objective of this study was to describe the effect of the metatarsal I osteotomy angle on muscular torque, acting on the first metatarsal. The primary hypothesis was that a varying angle for the…
Bio-Enhanced Silk Fibroin-Based Scaffolds for Chronic DFUs
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent a growing clinical challenge, driven by an aging global population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes. Affecting millions worldwide, DFUs remain one of the most serious complications of diabetes, frequently progressing to infection, amputation, and elevated mortality. Standard treatments typically include pressure offloading, circulation improvement, infection control, and topical wound care; however, many chronic…
Screen Exposure, BMI, and Foot Arch Structure in Preschool Children
Early childhood is a critical developmental period during which behavioral and anthropometric characteristics associated with child health begin to emerge. Screen exposure and sedentary behaviors have been linked to physical activity, growth, and musculoskeletal health, but their relationships with foot arch categories remain unclear. This analytical cross-sectional study examined associations between screen exposure, body mass index (BMI) percentile, and…
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Future Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are major contributors to maternal morbidity and mortality, with established links to cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between HDP and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is poorly defined. This review summarizes available literature on PAD risk following HDP, outlines proposed mechanistic pathways and identifies key research gaps.
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