LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
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Feature Articles
Wound Care Update: The Importance of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Wound Care
Despite advances in wound dressings and best practices, hard-to-heal wounds still remain. Increases in the number of chronic wounds have led to greater antibiotic usage, more hospitalizations, and increased amputations.1 It is therefore necessary to understand the continuum of wound contamination and effectively address…
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP, FAPWH
Sleep Series Part III: Strategies to Improve Sleep Hygiene • The Importance of Sleep for the Student Athlete
These authors summarize the critical take-home points from sleep-related research in 2 key areas: strategies for everyday and those relevant for student athletes—both delivered as easy-to understand infographics.
By Jeremy R. Hawkins, PhD, LAT, ATC; Michael Reeder, DO; and Alli Powell, DAT, LAT, ATC
The Future of Bike Fit
With cycling’s growing popularity—as a recreational hobby, an athletic pursuit, and a commuting alternative—making sure the bike fits the rider is key to preventing future injuries. With the pandemic, the past year has seen people of all ages and fitness levels seeking outdoor activities and alternatives to driving and public transport, resulting in a renewed popularity of cycling for health…
By Happy Freedman
Study Examines Moisture-Management Dressing For Venous Leg Ulcers
Use of an antimicrobial moisture management dressing paired with a gellable fiber technology under a two-layer compression system in the treatment of heavily exudating VLUs improves clinical outcomes and cost savings. Chronic venous insufficiency is the 7th most…
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Plantar Flexor Activation in Multi- and Single-Joint Resistance Exercises
These authors hypothesize that calf raises would elicit superior activation of soleus, lateral, and medial gastrocnemius muscles in comparison to leg press.
By Paulo Gentil, Daniel Souza, Murillo Santana, Rafael Ribeiro Alves, Mário Hebling Campos, Ronei Pinto, and Martim Bottaro
How to Strengthen Your Ankle After a Sprain
Ankle sprain is one of the most common ankle injuries. Every day in the U.S., 25,000 people sprain their ankle. And more than 1 million people visit emergency rooms each year because of ankle injuries. The most common ankle injuries are sprains and fractures, which involve ligaments, tendons, and bones in the ankle.
By Nathan Lloyd, MSc
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ShortTakes From the Literature
New Guideline For Timing of Elective TJA
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the American Association of Hip...
Clustering Algorithm Identifies Older Fallers
As more of the world population continues to live into old age, falls are...
Impact of Corticosteroid Injections in Knee OA
Extended-release corticosteroid injections demonstrated short-term...
Triceps Surae Muscle Stiffness Contributes To Passive Ankle Joint Stiffness
Researchers from Waseda University and Shibaura Institute of Technology, both...
Does Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia = Knee OA?
Several studies suggest that urate may contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) risk....
County Policy Limiting Fireworks Access Reduces Injury
Researchers from Hawaii sought to examine trends in fireworks-related injuries...
Physical Exercise Program Improves Physical Capacity in Older Adults
Physiotherapy researchers from Colombia found that a community-level...
Endocannabinoid System & Skeletal Muscle
In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers from the Institute of Neuroscience,...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Robotic Wearable Improves Walking for PD Patient
A team of researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering...
Robotic Prosthetic Ankles Improve Movement, Stability
Robotic prosthetic ankles that are controlled by nerve impulses allow...
New Model Predicts How Shoe Properties Affect a Runner’s Performance
Engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed a new...
Korean Researchers Develop Wearable Mobility Aid
Dr. Lee Jongwon of the Intelligent Robotics Research Center at the Korea...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
ADAPTTECH INSIGHT SYSTEM FULL PRODUCT RANGE
Adapttech’s flagship product, the INSIGHT system, has been upgraded into a full product range, with several new options for orthotic and prosthetic (O&P) professionals. This includes INSIGHT Sense, an affordable, portable, and standalone real-time analysis...
COMPEX AYRE COMPRESSION BOOT
The Compex Ayre Compression Boot was developed for physical therapists, coaches, and elite and recreational athletes, and is used for rapid recovery of aching muscles, muscle swelling, and vein issues. Designed to help improve blood flow and circulation in the legs by...
Foot Defender
Foot Defender® was designed by an internationally recognized podiatrist and an iconic footwear designer, with the intent to create a stylish, protective, easy-to-use and easy-to-dispense, better protective solution that patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are...
Freedom ShockWave Prosthetic Foot
The ShockWave™ uses the existing Freedom foot design with its proprietary EnduraCore® hybrid composite technology to provide durability, flexibility, and strength for high energy return, more natural motion, reduced pain, and less fatigue. The Spherical Shock Unit...
O-Therm Thermal Insoles
The OrthoLite O-Therm™ is an innovative thermal insole technology for cold-weather footwear protection. This insole offers all of the known benefits of open-cell PU-foam, while combining a very light weight and insulative cold barrier protection using a proprietary...
Tuli’s HammerRX
The Tuli’s® HammerRx™ was designed by a world-renowned foot and ankle surgeon to treat hammertoe. It gently straightens and properly aligns the toe for all-day comfort. The strap can be used as a treatment for minor conditions of hammertoe, and for the more serious...
F-Scan64 2.0 Gait Analysis Tool
Tekscan’s F-Scan64™ 2.0 is a new and improved, easy-to-use, cordless in-shoe pressure mapping system, designed for clinicians and clinical researchers seeking an efficient, dependable in-shoe gait analysis solution. It measures pressure and force during dynamic and...
Neuro One Nerve Support Cream
Neuro One Nerve Support Cream is a non-prescription topical formulation designed to relieve the numbing, burning, tingling, or stabbing pain caused by peripheral neuropathy. It contains L-arginine and vitamin B12, 2 well-documented substances known to improve nerve...
DYNAMIC STRUT AFO, YOUR EVERYDAY AMBULATOR
Coyote’s Dynamic Strut AFO is designed to flex and move with the patient, creating a more natural gait and providing energy response while offloading the foot and ankle with a custom thermoformed orthosis. The AFO combines the fit and comfort of a custom AFO with a...
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