LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
lerEXPO Upcoming Events
Feature Articles
Common Skin and Nail Conditions of the Lower Extremity: Part 1
Many foot and ankle specialists focus on the musculoskeletal conditions of patients. Skin and nail conditions of the feet, however, are some of the most common complaints that patients have. This 2-part series will describe the most common conditions patients present with to my office and provide some effective treatment options.
By Paul J. Betschart, DPM
Compartment Syndrome: Appreciating Atypical Lower Leg Pain in Athletes
Chronic compartment syndrome is an often-overlooked diagnosis in patients who are athletically inclined. With an average 22-month delay in diagnosis, suspicions need to be elevated sooner. Leg pain in the active and athletic patient population can be difficult to evaluate, diagnose…
By Hayley Iosue, DPM, Joseph Albright, DPM, and Mark Mendeszoon, DPM
Falls in People with Multiple Sclerosis, Part II: Risk Identification, Intervention, and Future Directions
Falls are highly prevalent in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and result in a range of negative consequences, such as injury, activity curtailment, reduced quality of life, and increased need for care and time off work.
By Susan Coote, PhD; Laura Comber, PhD; Gillian Quinn, PhD; Carme Santoyo-Medina, MSc; Alon Kalron, PhD, PT; Hilary Gunn, PhD
Patient Guidance: Conservative Care Options for the Arthritic Foot
Arthritis is a medical term that describes inflammation of a joint; swelling and tenderness are common symptoms. Joints are areas where 2 different bones contact one another. Some joints allow for motion to occur and some do not. The freedom of movement ranges from…
By Paul J. Betschart, DPM
Perspective 360: Of Gait Analyses and Elephants
While researching the history of gait analysis to prepare for this issue, the parable of the blind men and the elephant kept coming to mind. The ancient story is of a group of blind men who have never seen an elephant. On encountering a live elephant, they each touch a different part of the large mammal and come away thinking they know what it is.
Expert Opinion: Functional Medicine Takes On Chronic Posterior Tibial Tendinitis
As a practicing podiatrist for 40 years, I have seen thousands of patients. About 33 years ago, I became frustrated with the fact that although many of my patients responded to conventional treatment, many did not, and I wanted to know why. To me, this was the missing link in improving my percentage of successful outcomes.
By Robert Kornfeld, D.P.M.
Trending Now
Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
Balance Recovery Not Affected by Cognitive Task
Most of older adults’ falls are related to inefficient balance recovery after...
Utility of KAFOs Post-Stroke Studied
In response to recent published case reports claiming the efficacy of KAFO...
Of Postage Stamps and WEARABLE ULTRASOUNDS
Several research groups have been seeking more versatile approaches to...
Exercise + Corticosteroid Injection = Better Outcome in Achilles Tendinopathy
The combination of exercise therapy ad corticosteroid injection is more...
Importance of Alcohol in Falls
Fall injuries account for a substantial part of the health burden among...
Gluteus Medius Dry Needling for Patellofemoral Pain
One of the most common knee problems is patellofemoral pain syndrome...
Maintaining Muscle Strength to Prevent Depression?
Depression and anxiety are the leading mental health problems worldwide;...
Tissue Microenvironment in Rheumatoid Arthritis
The recent advance in treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
No Results Found
The page you requested could not be found. Try refining your search, or use the navigation above to locate the post.
Industry News & Updates
AR Makes Parkinson’s Disease PT More Accessible
An augmented-reality (AR) headset is an effective digital tool for improving...
Balance Health to Offer
Balance Health, a comprehensive lower extremity–focused physician practice,...
New Resource Provides Education on Cancer-related VTEs
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN®) announced the recent...
Professor Helps Local Company Test a Better Prosthetic Foot
A Kennesaw State University (KSU) researcher is partnering with a local...
No Results Found
The page you requested could not be found. Try refining your search, or use the navigation above to locate the post.
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Patient Specific Talus Spacer
The Patient Specific Talus Spacer is an additively manufactured implant, made from cobalt chromium metal alloy, that is intended to match the anatomy of the patient’s talus. The implant is used in adult patients only who have avascular necrosis (AVN) of the ankle...
sam 2.0 Ultrasound Therapy
Sustained Acoustic Medicine (SAM), developed by ZetrOZ Systems, provides safe, effective pain relief from many common soft-tissue injuries. Approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration, sam 2.0 is a long-duration, wearable ultrasound device that accelerates the...
2-in-1 Sock Aid and Shoe Horn
People with joint pain or body stiffness can have trouble doing simple tasks like getting dressed in the morning. This issue may be due to back/joint pain caused by back, hip, or knee surgery, post-fusion, total hip or total knee replacement, sciatica, stiffness of...
Friendly Voyage Shoes
Friendly Shoes look and feel like modern comfort sneakers but patented Easy Shoe Access zippers make them a functional solution for individuals struggling with shoe donning or fitting AFOs/SMOs. Invented by an occupational therapist, users simply fold open, enter, and...
Cheetah Xpanse
The revolutionary Cheetah® Xpanse is the only available sport foot in the market that was specially designed for long jumping and other athletes requiring an exceptionally heavy load. The blade was designed to facilitate a faster pace for the run-up and improved...
Stimpod 460 Neuromodulation Device
Stimpod NMS460, a non-invasive neuromodulation device, uses a proprietary hybrid pulsed radio frequency (PRF) waveform to provide relief and management of chronic intractable pain. It can also be used as an adjunctive treatment in the management of post-surgical pain,...
RFAST Ankle Stabilizer
The RFAST rigid exo-performance ankle stabilizer was engineered for individuals recovering from ankle injuries or chronic ankle instabilities and as a preventive measure for athletes with a high risk of a high ankle sprain. A proprietary COG device provides functional...
Arize Digital Orthotic Solution
Welcome to Arize: the digital orthotic solution that provides innovative designs through 3D printing. Arize creates efficiencies at every step of the process, which means you can go from scanning to placing an order in as little as 5 minutes. Plus, it’s flexible,...
Fitterfirst Balance Aids
Fitterfirst self-standing Balance Aids are used to assist individuals in early rehabilitation or with limited balance by providing additional safety and support while building better balance and stability safely. They can also be used as indoor walking aids for...


























