Cover Story

When Long COVID Walks into the Office: Recognizing Foot and Ankle Manifestations

A Patient walks into the office with generalized foot pain. Taking a history, you learn the patient has fatigue, or myalgias in other muscles, or feels weak all the time. What are the usual diagnoses? Long COVID has changed how I approach foot and ankle pain in these patients. I no longer believe we can safely evaluate lower-extremity symptoms without at least considering its potential role.

Mikel D. Daniels, DPM, MBA, President and
Chief Medical Officer, WeTreatFeet Podiatry

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Feature Articles

A Solution to the Prosthetic Need That Plagues the World’s Poor

A Solution to the Prosthetic Need That Plagues the World’s Poor

It began with a simple question to Phil Johnson, a Certified Prosthetist-Orthotist in private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia: “Can you help a boy in Guatemala who lost his leg?” Phil, who never shies away from a challenge, said yes. He traveled to Guatemala and successfully crafted a prosthetic leg for the 14-year-old boy. But the story didn’t end there. The very next day, 18 more children arrived at the door with their parents, all hoping for the same life-changing help.

By Reed Kennedy Volunteer Executive Director of Hope to Walk

The National APMA Annual Scientific Meeting Highlights

The National APMA Annual Scientific Meeting Highlights

The 2026 APMA Annual Scientific Meeting was held in Nashville August 6-9 and offered a broad look at where podiatric practice is headed, with emerging treatments and evolving surgical techniques prominent throughout the program. Minimally invasive surgery received significant attention, alongside sessions on regenerative medicine, new drug and therapeutic trends, and advances in diabetic limb preservation and wound care.

AI in the Office: Putting AI to Work as Your Hardest‑Working Clerk, Not Your Junior Doctor

AI in the Office: Putting AI to Work as Your Hardest‑Working Clerk, Not Your Junior Doctor

I’m often asked about the operational benefits of using AI in clinical practice, and how to use it without feeling like a robot, has quietly moved into the exam room. Honestly, I wrestle with the same concern. Sometimes it feels like I may have created a monster. But as I learn to use this technology, I’ve realized that I don’t need (or want) AI acting like a junior doctor inside my electronic health record (EHR).

By Mikel D. Daniels, DPM, MBA, President and Chief Medical Officer, WeTreatFeet Podiatry

Digital Synostosis of the Foot:  A Preliminary Radiographic Observation

Digital Synostosis of the Foot: A Preliminary Radiographic Observation

Digital synostosis of the foot–the osseous fusion of the middle and distal phalanges of the lesser toes, resulting in a biphalangeal rather than triphalangeal digit–is a radiographic finding that has received remarkably little systematic attention in the podiatric and orthopedic literature. When noted on routine foot radiographs, it is most commonly documented as an incidental observation and seldom pursued as a subject of clinical or scientific inquiry.

By Elie C. Daniel, B.S., D.P.M. Mendota Princeton Peru Foot and Ankle Clinics

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Lower Extremity Review

ShortTakes From the Literature

A Foot Forward for Optimum Health

Stopping Knee Hyperextension Starts with a Physical Therapy Examination and Then CPO Collaboration

Stopping Knee Hyperextension Starts with a Physical Therapy Examination and Then CPO Collaboration

Genu recurvatum or knee hyperextension is extension of the tibiofemoral joint beyond 0˚ in stance phase, commonly seen during hemiplegic gait. If initial contact of the foot occurs with plantarflexion, the ground reaction force vector (GRFV) at the ankle passes in front of the knee resulting in the hyperextension. Furthermore, hip flexion occurs with the trunk coming forward as the GRFV passes in front of the hip. However, hyperextension can be seen in terminal swing due to decrease control of the hamstrings from midswing to terminal swing prior to initial contact. This eccentric weakness is often missed during gait analysis.

By Dr. Jennifaye V. Brown

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Industry News & Updates

Emerging Developments in AFOs

A Three Part Series 

Carbon composite ankle foot orthoses are reshaping how podiatrists approach bracing. Lighter, lower-profile, and easier to fit into everyday footwear, these devices are moving from specialty use to everyday practice. This three-part series covers what you need to know, which patients benefit most, and how to put carbon composite AFOs to work, backed by clinical case studies.

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A Message From the Publisher

Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible

Rich Dubin, Publisher

Rich Dubin

Publisher and Chief Executive Officer

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Lower Extremity Review

Natural Pain Relief Cream

Natural Pain Relief Cream

Natural Pain Relief Cream is a botanical formulation designed to support musculoskeletal wellness, chronic pain management strategies, muscle soreness recovery, and joint pain relief and mobility support. The formulation prioritizes botanical pain relief strategies...

Stability-Driven Footwear

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The Stedi Collection is a new stability-driven footwear platform designed to meet evolving consumer demands for all-day comfort, support, and versatility beyond cushioning alone. Built around the principles of stability, energy return, and adaptive movement, the...

Soccer Footwear Platform for Children

Soccer Footwear Platform for Children

DREAM PAIRS KIDS has expanded its soccer footwear platform with a multi-series collection, each designed with performance identities tailored to different styles of play, movement patterns, fit preferences, and developmental stages. At the core of the collection is a...

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Skineez® SkinCareWear® Electrolyte Hydrating Compression Recovery Socks are designed to combine graduated compression with electrolyte minerals, magnesium, and hydrating skincare technology infused directly into the fibers. Unlike traditional compression socks that...

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Ventilated Fabric Toe Caps Reduce Maceration Risk

Ventilated Fabric Toe Caps Reduce Maceration Risk

PediFix has introduced an assortment of ventilated digital devices for protection with better skin health. The firm’s Visco-GEL® line provides pain relief for a variety of foot and toe ailments with a proprietary, U.S.-made gel that cushions, protects, and hydrates...

Sandal Built Around a Custom Orthotic 

Sandal Built Around a Custom Orthotic 

The Surefoot footwear collection was engineered entirely around a patient’s custom orthotic. Powered by Amfit® full-contact foot-scanning technology, the collection represents a fundamental shift in how supportive footwear is designed, prescribed, and worn. The result...

Hammer ToeCrutch® with Toe Tip “Lip”

Hammer ToeCrutch® with Toe Tip “Lip”

PediFix is introducing a new variation of its popular single Hammer ToeCrutch with an additional toe tip “lip” that provides extra protection for distal irritations. The Visco-GEL® Hammer ToeCrutch has been an effective, comfortable, and popular innovation for hammer,...

Rollator that Transforms for Travel

Rollator that Transforms for Travel

The PackGo Rollator Walker, featuring an innovative six-way folding structure, collapses to just one cubic foot, roughly the size of a standard backpack—making it a truly travel-friendly rollator walker for users on the go. The included storage bag supports up to 40...

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