LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
Wound Care Update: The Role of Topical Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Wounds
When you think back to your early studies in General Biology you may recall memorizing the steps of the Krebs Cycle. It is through this process of aerobic respiration that most living things generate energy. In aerobic organisms, cells utilize oxygen (O2) as a final electron acceptor to synthesize high-energy…
By Windy Cole, DPM
CRITICAL ANALYSIS: Prefab or Custom: Which Foot Orthosis Is Better for Plantar Heel Pain?
Recent analysis of the podiatric literature concludes that custom foot orthoses aren’t superior to prefab inserts—an account one expert rejects. It’s a matter of who does the custom work, he says.
By Stanley Beekman, DPM
A Summary of Potential Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19: A Review of the Available Literature.
At the time of this writing, we as lower extremity providers are in the midst of a COVID-19 pandemic. Per the World Health Organization (WHO), there is no current evidence to recommend any specific anti-COVID-19 supportive or antiviral treatment for patients with confirmed COVID-19.
By Robert G. Smith, DPM, MSc, RPh
Early Orthotic Intervention in Pediatric Patients, Part 3: Muscular Dystrophy
Improving patient care includes questioning traditional treatment approaches; in this case, it’s also about developing ways to enhance and augment those techniques. The first two articles in this series looked, respectively, at early orthotic intervention in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and in those with Down syndrome and other neurological conditions.
By Cary Groner
The Role of Exercise Therapies for the Management of Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
Clinicians may find the EdUReP theoretical framework provides helpful guidance for exercise prescription and load management for patients with this potentially disabling condition. Despite the substantial gains in knowledge and understanding of lower extremity tendinopathies in recent years..
By Talysha Reeve, B.App.Sc.(Podiatry), GradCertClinRehab
Lower Extremity Noninvasive Vascular Testing Update
Peripheral arterial disease may be a common finding among those over 50, but it remains underdiagnosed. Choosing the right diagnostic test is key. Eight million men and women in the United States have lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD).1 PAD is a common finding among patients over age 50, yet it is frequently underdiagnosed.
By Brittany Mammano, DPM, PGY-1, and Saba Sadra, DPM, MSc
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Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
FALLS AFTER TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY: STRENGTH MATTERS
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the common treatment for end-stage hip...
“SHRED” NEUROMUSCULAR TRAINING LOWERS ANKLE, KNEE INJURY RATES 36%
A quasi-experimental study from Calgary, Canada, sought to evaluate the...
2 STUDIES EXAMINE EFFECTS OF 3D-PRINTED FOOT ORTHOSES
Foot orthoses (FOs) have been prescribed for an array of lower limb issues as...
NEUROPATHY IMPACTS BONE MICROARCHITECTURE, STRENGTH IN TYPE 1 DIABETES
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with an increased fracture risk,...
EXERCISE NOT AFFECTED BY COVID-19 VACCINE
Source: Batatinha H, Baker FL, Smith KA, et al. Recent COVID-19 vaccination...
ShortTake on AFO Effectiveness
Meta-analysis Demonstrates AFOs Improve Gait, Balance in Stroke In a recently...
Feed Your Body, Heal Your Wound
By Windy Cole. DPM, CWSP, FAPWH Macronutrients have been shown to play a vital...
ACSM Releases Consensus Statement on Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use
The American College of Sports Medicine has updated its 1987 consensus...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Knee Wearable for Wireless Sensing of Joint Motion
Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) researchers have...
Ankle Exosuit May Provide More Independence for Post-stroke Wearers
A new portable, flexible, and user-friendly ankle exosuit has been designed...
Electricity Shown to Heal Wounds 3X as Fast
Using electric stimulation, researchers in a project at Chalmers University of...
Wearable Ultrasound Patch Provides Deep Tissue Monitoring
A team of engineers at the University of California San Diego has developed a...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Smart Sock v2.0 and Sensoria Core Pair
Sensoria Smart Socks are infused with proprietary textile pressure sensors at the plantar area of the foot. Paired with a Bluetooth Smart detachable Sensoria Core, these sensors provide metrics to help improve running performance while decreasing the likelihood of...
OPTP FitGlide by Bob and Brad
The FitGlide by Bob and Brad is an easy-to-use tool for exercise and rehabilitation of the lower extremities. Created by physical therapists Bob Schrupp, PT, MA, and Brad Heineck, PT, CSCS, the FitGlide was designed for patients recovering from knee replacement or...
Zamst ZK-X Knee Brace
The ZK-X from Zamst is a performance-driven, extra-strong knee brace that is indicated for use for moderate to severe sprains of the ACL, MCL, and LCL, as well as for preventive measures. The brace has a semi-open design for fit and slipping prevention. Crisscrossed...
Protonics T2 Left-Leg Exoskeleton for Muscle Imbalance
The Protonics T2 intelligent exoskeleton is designed to be used on a person’s left leg to minimize right-side dominance, prevent muscle tightness and pain, and promote a balanced biomechanical state. The system uses the Protonics resistance approach, state-of-the-art...
VKTRY Silver Series
VKTRY Gear has launched the VKTRY Silver Series, a cost-efficient and highly effective version of its original carbon fiber insoles, the Gold VKs. The Silver VKs were designed for casual but competitive consumers of all ages who have a desire for performance...
Plate for Pediatric Limb Lengthening, Reconstruction Procedures
NuVasive has introduced the Precice plate system, for use in limb-lengthening and reconstruction procedures for pediatrics or patients with small anatomy who cannot accommodate a lengthening device that is traditionally implanted within the patient’s bone. The plate...
AI and Robotic Rehab System to Predict, Prevent Falls
Movendo Technology’s Silver Index is an artificial intelligence–based algorithm that predicts the risk of falls in adults age 65 and older. The Silver Index takes 30-minutes to administer and is shown to be 95% accurate. Its machine-learning algorithms can analyze 130...
Skineez Healing Compression Socks
Skineez Skin-Reparative Healing Compression Socks are the only 20–30 mmHg, firm gradient compression, hydrating socks on the market. This patented product is infused with 5 key healthy ingredients that deliver 24-hour hydration and repair the skin. In clinical trials,...
“CAN YOU ADJUST?” REVOFIT™ EDUCATIONAL SERIES OFFERS 2 NEW COURSES
Click Medical offers free online RevoFit education that allows practitioners to learn how to identify the best patient candidates for RevoFit Technology, understand how adjustability saves time and money, and fabricate a transtibial and transfemoral diagnostic and...


























