LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
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Feature Articles
What does Economic Uncertainty Mean for Selling Your Orthotics & Prosthetics Business?
It should come as no surprise that the process of buying and selling businesses is affected by the general health of the economy. More expensive borrowing, market uncertainty, and shifts in consumer demand are all factors that can make both buyers and sellers wary about pursuing transactions.
By David Fergusson
Plantar Pressure Analysis: From Research to Frontline Clinical Practice
I’ll try and provide you with an overview of the technologies and techniques involved in plantar pressure analysis, how that data is normally reported, and what you can do with the data so it can benefit your clinical management and evidence-based medicine. I’ll also provide examples from the…
By Nachiappan (Nachi) Chocklingam
Movement Is Essential: Interrupting Prolonged Sitting in Adults Affects Cardiometabolic Health
This meta-analysis of 7 acute studies found intermittent short breaks of standing led to a significant reduction in postprandial glucose compared to prolonged sitting. Light-intensity walking was found to be a superior intervention compared to standing and prolonged sitting.
By Aidan J. Buffey, Matthew P. Herring, Christina K. Langley, Alan E. Donnelly, and Brian P. Carson
A Brief Overview of Bone Fillers for Foot and Ankle Surgery
Bone repair and regeneration (osteogenesis) relies on a series of intricate events supported by the processes of osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Osteoinduction is the mechanism by which osteogenesis is induced. At this stage, immature cells develop into preosteoblasts.
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Expert Perspective: Finding the Cause of Injury
What is it to say you use a biomechanical approach for your patients? Biomechanics means the functional mechanics of the body. Our bodies are unbelievable. They are very powerful, and fairly resilient. Why do they get injured? What systems or other body parts affect the injured body part?
By Richard Blake, DPM, MS
15 Rules for Foot Orthosis Prescription for Pes Planus Patients
Researchers have developed a decision tree algorithm that they propose can be used to accurately and easily prescribe customized foot orthoses to patients with pes planus. Pes planus, one of the most common foot deformities, includes the loss of the medial arch, misalignment of the…
By Ji-Yong Jung, Chang-Min Yang, Jung-Ja Kim
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Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
Visualizing Declining Muscle Quality
T1 cross-sectional images of the legs of a control, a patient with Type 2...
Ringside Physicians Discourage Use of Cannabis
With the twin goals of promoting safety of combat sports athletes and striving...
Lower Extremity Injuries in Martial Arts Athletes
With the advent of mixed martial arts (MMA) growing in popularity, there has...
Peri-Ankle Muscles Architecture & Performance Changes in CAI
This study aimed to identify changes in the architecture and performance of...
Do you have recent research news you think should be reported in Lower Extremity Review?
Send us an email with the following: Publication title Publication date and...
Vibrating Insole Therapy for Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy
Sensory peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus...
Rehab Therapy Improves Lower Limb Muscle Strength vs Drug-only Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis
The treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) does not cure the disease, but it is...
AAOS Updates Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Acute Isolated Meniscal Pathology
In releasing its new clinical practice guideline (CPG) focused on acute...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Inotec Secures $33 Million in Series C Financing to Accelerate US Expansion
Inotec AMD, Cambridge, UK, whose product NATROX® O2 is a topical oxygen...
Researchers Introduce Programmable Materials to Help Heal Broken Bones
Natural materials like bone, bird feathers, and wood have an intelligent...
Combination of Diabetes Drugs Show Promise for Healing DFUs
People with chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) could soon have a new way to...
Lower Limb Exoskeleton Designed for Patients with Reduced or Absent Mobility
TWIN is a new robotic exoskeleton for lower limbs, designed and developed by...
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Landing biomechanics may contribute to ankle sprain in basketball, volleyball
Two studies presented at the IOC World Conference on Prevention of Injury and Illness in Sport,...
DIABETIC FOOTWEAR: Cinematic symposium explores person-centric communication
By Jordana Bieze Foster Cannes is the French city most often associated with cinema. But several...
AMPUTATION: Patients cite lack of education about partial foot procedures
By Jordana Bieze Foster Patients who have had a partial foot amputation followed by a transtibial...
PEDIATRICS: CP studies assess potential advantages of flexible AFOs
By Jordana Bieze Foster The flexibility of an ankle foot orthosis (AFO) does not necessarily...
DROP FOOT: Benefits of FES after stroke are maintained at 42 weeks
By Jordana Bieze Foster Gait speed improvements associated with 30 weeks of functional electrical...
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Tech-augmented Footwear Service
Footwear brand Baliston® has launched BALISTON BY STARCK, its debut collection of tech-augmented, 100% recyclable, extremely comfortable footwear created in collaboration with world-renowned creator Philippe Starck. The shoes are designed with an embedded proprietary...
Digital Ligament Tensioner
Smith+Nephew has introduced its new CORI™ Digital Tensioner—a purpose-built device that lets surgeons measure the ligament tension in a knee prior to cutting bone. By enabling a surgeon to quantify joint laxity in the native knee and achieve an optimal ligament...
Smart Socks Prevent Falls, Improve Mobility
The “Patient is Up” (PUP®) smart sock incorporates tiny proprietary conductive threads that are sewn into the sock fabric. The sock is designed for acute care hospitals, as well as facilities for rehabilitation, long-term care, and physical therapy. When a patient...
Insoles for Remote Patient Monitoring
The INVIZA® Sole 1.0 is a self-charging, medical-grade wearable device that is designed as a thin insole that can be worn within most kinds of shoes. The insoles’ sensors can accurately measure the patient’s heart rate, body temperature, percent of blood oxygen...
Cyclone Bike Foot
The Cyclone™ Bike Foot was designed without compromising durability. The innovative design eliminates energy lost to weight caused by a foot shell and shoe, and provides unmatched energy transfer while pedaling. It also eliminates energy loss to deflection caused by...
Implantable Knee Shock Absorber
The US Food & Drug Administration has recently authorized marketing of an implantable shock absorber aimed at load reduction for people with refractory knee osteoarthritis (OA) who are not appropriate candidates for arthroplasty. Dubbed the MISHA Knee System, the...
System to Visually Improve Balance, Vision, Reduce Fall Risk
Sensoria® Health has collaborated with Padula Rehabilitation Technologies to launch the NeurOpTrek™ powered by Sensoria, an innovative new wearable system designed to improve vision and help reduce the risk of falls. NeurOpTrek is a pioneering solution to assess and...
Vero Ankle Brace
The Vero Ankle™ brace is an innovation designed to help ankle-injury patients rehabilitate and restore mobility and independence, while having the ability to reduce the incidence of acute ankle injuries. The brace combines cutting-edge materials, patent-protected...
Baseball Training Shoe
The SQAIRZ Baseball Training Shoe allows players to maximize their ability to have foot-to-ground contact and optimize their kinetic energy transfer to the ball. In early studies at the Louisville Slugger Hitting Science Center, players were able to increase their...
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