LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
A Review of Nonsurgical Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars
Managing patients with hypertrophic scars can be challenging, with a variety of conservative treatment options suggested in the medical literature. This review summarizes conservative treatment options for hypertrophic scars, focusing on the mechanisms of action, risks, complications, and efficacy of various options.
By Laura-Ashley O’Connell, DPM; Adrienne Estes, DPM, MS, AACFAS, FAPWHc; and David Shofler, DPM, MSHS
Peroneal Tendonitis: Workup and Nonsurgical Treatment
More than “just a sprain,” accurately diagnosing peroneal tendonitis in a timely manner helps patients recover faster and avoid long-term sequelae from this painful condition. Peroneal tendon disorders have traditionally been considered a rare source of ankle symptoms.
By Kevin Haag, DPM, PGY-3, and Marshall Solomon, DPM
A Multifactorial Perspective on Lower-Extremity Amputee Rehabilitation
Limb loss alters pain, touch, and proprioception in countless ways that are not yet fully understood. Understanding how to more realistically evaluate the efficacy of both proactive and reactive interventions meant to address these alterations will improve outcomes and quality of life for those living with lower-extremity amputation.
By Austin Davids, MSOP, CPO, and Jeffrey Yau, PhD
Recovery and Regeneration Strategies for Foot Performance: Part I
These 2 complex processes are necessary components of quality training programs for athletes at all levels. This article, which covers fundamentals, is the first in a 2-part series. Taking care of the recovery and regeneration of the foot is an integral part of a well-rounded approach to high performance development.
By Antonio Robustelli, MSc CSCS
Using Functional Movement Assessments to Prevent Lower Extremity Injuries
It seems like every time sports analysts talk about the most recent game—whether it’s football, basketball, baseball, college, or professional—they’re discussing another athlete’s season-ending injury. While the spectrum for the severity of injuries varies, athletes—individuals who we…
By Sami Ahmed, DPT, CES, SFMA, CMTPT
Bike Fit Unplugged
This Bike Fit specialist explains his process for fitting the cyclist, not the bike, to address the individual needs of the rider. He provided commentary to LER Editor Janice T. Radak for the photographs taken at a recent bike fitting clinic and displayed in this story. Bike Fit Unplugged is the technique I developed…
By Happy Freedman
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ShortTakes From the Literature
PILATES EFFECTIVE AT IMPROVING POSTURE IN YOUNG CHILDREN
In a recently released study from Turkey, the authors sought to investigate...
PRE-CLINICAL DRUG STUDY SHOWS PROMISE IN PARKINSONIAN DISORDER
A new study in the Journal of Parkinson’s Disease describes a study evaluating...
SHOCK-ABSORBING FLOORING GETS MIXED REVIEWS
Falls and fall-related injuries are a major problem for older adults in both...
PLANTAR PRESSURES IN HIKING BOOTS
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of heel-to-toe drop...
1ST COVID-19 BREATHALYZER TEST GETS FDA OK
The US Food and Drug Administration issued an emergency use authorization...
NEW PREVENTION OF VTE CONSENSUS STATEMENT RELEASED
The first ever international consensus statement with recommendations for the...
MORE SLEEP = LESS CALORIC INTAKE
In a randomized clinical trial of 80 adults (51.3% male; mean age 29.8 yrs;...
LONGER FASCICLE LENGTH MAY CAUSE DEFICIT IN NON-SURGICAL HEALING OF ACHILLES
Achilles tendon rupture appears to alter stiffness and length of the tendon....
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Advanced Control System May Advance Lower Limb Exoskeleton Experience
A team of researchers from the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT),...
Finding the Perfect Fit for a Prosthetic Leg
University of Washington (UW) Professor Joan Sanders, PhD, and her team are...
Biodegradable Gel Promising for Cartilage Regeneration
A gel that combines both stiffness and toughness is a step forward in the bid...
Wearable Sensor Monitors Muscle Atrophy
Researchers at The Ohio State University (Ohio State) have fabricated the...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Moflex Foot and Ankle Training
Moflex, which stands for Motion Flexibility, is a portable device that helps improve foot stability and ankle mobility. It can be used in fitness, sports training, daily function, and injury rehabilitation and prevention. The device is based on the science of...
OPTP Releases Professional Catalog Vol. 41
The 2021 OPTP product catalog is now available and includes exclusive professional pricing. This 41st edition of the catalog features innovative new products and resources, many of which are offered exclusively by OPTP. Therapy and fitness products in the catalog...
Cadence ¾ Insoles
Cadence Insoles introduced a ¾-length model to its line of exclusive, retail-only over-the-counter orthotics. The ¾ provides semi-rigid support combined with a durable, high-rebound, low-compression set polyurethane foam and an anti-microbial low-friction CoolMax top...
The Liner Wand Prosthetic Liner Hygiene Kit
The Liner Wand is a clinically proven, prosthetist-recommended prosthetic liner care and hygiene system. Originally brought to market under the name Apocrine, this titanium-based technology is now available directly to the consumer as a subscription service or 1-time...
Bioness Integrated Therapy System for Balance
The Bioness Integrated Therapy System for Balance (BITS Balance) combines visual, cognitive, motor, and balance training into one system, making it a multidisciplinary therapy solution. BITS Balance adds proprietary motion sensors to track patient movements and a...
CURREX RunPro Insoles
CURREX RunPro insoles are scientifically proven to reduce foot pressure while providing superior support. Plus, they deliver sensational comfort, optimized motion, and enhanced stability, and can even reduce injuries. Experienced runners in a blind study at the German...
BlastX Antimicrobial Wound Gel
BlastX Antimicrobial Wound Gel is a breakthrough innovation powered by Next Science’s patented, non-toxic biofilm-disruption Xbio Technology. It deconstructs the bacterial biofilm matrix, destroys bacteria within the wound, and defends from recolonization while...
Digital Workflow in a Box
Comb has paired its scanner with some of Össur’s digital tools to offer an easy, complete, and cost-efficient way to try the digital workflow in your practice for the fabrication of orthoses, prosthetic sockets, and more. For $100, Comb will ship the Digital Workflow...
Hatchbacks Quest
Hatchbacks offers adaptive footwear to the special needs children’s and youth community. This footwear utilizes an exclusively engineered last (foot form), based on extensive patient fittings, that offers extra depth and width along with innovative functional...






















