Lower Extremity Review
Researchers have developed a decision tree algorithm that they propose can be used to accurately and easily prescribe customized foot orthoses to patients with pes planus. Pes planus, one of the most common foot deformities, includes the loss of the medial arch, misalignment of the…
By Ji-Yong Jung, Chang-Min Yang, Jung-Ja Kim
Physical exercise induces spatially heterogeneous adaptation in bone. However, it remains unclear where the changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and geometry have the greatest impact on femoral neck strength.
By Dermot O’Rourke, Belinda R. Beck, Amy T. Harding, Steven L. Watson, Peter Pivonka, Saulo Martelli
Stingrays are cartilaginous fish related to sharks with round, flattened bodies and whip-like tails. Stingrays are common to shallow intertidal areas of tropical and subtropical oceans around the world, although some rays inhabit cooler waters and freshwater. While there are approximately 150 species of ray worldwide, one to two dozen stingray species are…
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
One of the most perplexing issues I deal with in biomechanics is trying to take asymmetrical functioning bodies and make them more symmetrical when I think it will help the patient’s symptoms and function. However, asymmetry is part of who we are as people, so some thought has to be put into deciding exactly what needs to be changed because…
By Richard Blake, DPM
The relationship between calf-pump insufficiency and ulceration has long been established.1 The accompanying venous hypertension is associated with histologic and hemodynamic alterations in capillary and lymphatic microcirculation that result in pathophysiologic changes in the tissues.
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Clinical commentaries and expert opinions have suggested that aging, injury, repetitive or prolonged overloading (eg, endurance runners), overweight, improper footwear, steroid injection, and comorbidities (eg, diabetes, rheumatic diseases) may negatively impact the structure and function of the heel fat pad.
By Alison H. Chang, Steven Zartov Rasmussen, Asger Emil Jensen, Thomas Sørensen, and Michael Skovdal Rathleff
The human aging process is universal, ubiquitous, and inevitable. Every physiological function is being continuously diminished. Aging and a sedentary lifestyle are associated with declines in muscle function and cardiorespiratory fitness, resulting in an impaired capacity to perform daily activities and maintain independent functioning.
Thousands of people have United States (US) rail transportation industry jobs, and millions travel by US rail each year. Injuries may occur to employees, passengers, and others who may interact with the rail transportation system. The objective of this study was to characterize lower extremity injuries involving the rail transportation system.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
Biomechanics are foundational to podiatry, physiotherapy, and the study of orthotics and prosthetics. Here we provide an excerpt from the author’s recently released Book 1 of the 4-part series, Practical Biomechanics for the Podiatrist.
By Richard Blake, DPM, MS
The goal of walking 10,000 steps per day is not rooted in science. Rather, it came from a clever Japanese marketing campaign in 1964, for a pedometer called the Manpo-kei: “man” meaning 10,000, “po” meaning steps, and “kei” meaning meter. Despite the origin, this number became a benchmark to achieve while walking…
Is there a link between diabetes and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)? Well, let’s just say that relationship is “complicated.” While diabetes may not directly cause venous insufficiency, it does have an effect on the tissues of the lower extremities. It has been documented that glycosylated hemoglobin is damaging to…
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Dancing is a special competitive sport with dancers performing moves in both open and closed kinetic chains…but is training focused on injury prevention? Is it time for a shoe re-design? Dancing may be termed a special competitive sport and dancers perform an activity in both open and closed kinetic chains.
By Fengfeng Li, Ntwali Adrien, and Yuhuan He
There are millions of pet dogs in the United States (US), and thousands of people are treated at US hospital emergency departments (EDs) each year for dog bites. Approximately 20-25% of these dog bites affect the lower extremity. The objective of this study was to characterize dog bites of the lower extremity treated…
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
What do I mean by the prodigy sports? Specifically, I’m talking about sports that involve adolescents and younger who are already focusing on and playing only one sport. It’s a key chapter in my co-authored book, #HeySportsParents.1 Sports like gymnastics and figure skating are good examples, but we could add soccer, tennis, volleyball, swimming, etc.! Most doctors, therapists, and trainers are unanimous in frowning on…
By Robert Weil, DPM
A month after my 80th birthday, I was doing a lunge. I bent my right knee and stretched out my left leg. My foot slipped. A sharp pain stabbed my knee. My leg buckled underneath me. If there was a popping sound, I didn’t hear it. The next day, after an X-ray and a physical assessment of my knee, the physician’s assistant at an Ortho Urgent Care declared that I had injured the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL).
By Marianna Crane, retired
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