LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
lerEXPO Upcoming Events
Feature Articles
Lower Extremity Compression Garments Use by Athletes: Why, How Often, and Perceived Benefit
The popularity of lower extremity compression garments (CGs) amongst athletes continues to increase. Initially CGs were mainly prescribed to patients with chronic venous disorder. Using graduated lower extremity CGs with a degrading pressure from distal to proximal parts of this extremity increases venous flow velocity…
By Thierry P. C. Franke, Frank J. G. Backx, and Bionka M. A. Huisstede
Wound Care Update: New Uses for Adipose Grafts in Podiatry and Wound Care
Diabetic foot ulcers and the resultant skin defects caused by delayed wound healing are a common and costly challenge for healthcare providers. Recent advances in tissue engineering have given rise to new promising treatment options to help with wound repair and tissue augmentation. Newly available adipose tissue grafts can help clinicians solve troublesome issues…
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Effects of Offloading Devices on Static and Dynamic Balance in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major problem worldwide, especially among elderly. Diabetic patients are prone to develop neuropathy at their feet and ankles. The incidence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) among newly diagnosed diabetic patients is approximately 30%.
By Koen Andre Horstink, Lucas Henricus Vincentius van derWoude, and Juha Markus Hijmans
Common Skin and Nail Conditions of the Lower Extremity: Part 3
Many foot and ankle specialists focus on the musculoskeletal conditions of patients. Skin and nail conditions of the feet, however, are some of the most common complaints that patients have. This 3-part series describes the most common conditions patients present with to my office and provide some effective treatment options.
By Paul J. Betschart, DPM
The Future of Orthotics Manufacturing
3D printing has been waiting to disrupt the orthotics market for years. Only time will tell if the pandemic’s pause afforded clinicians the opportunity to understand the benefits this technology can bring to their practice and their patients. Recent decades have seen a proliferation of technological advances that promise to transform traditional methods of fabricating in-shoe foot orthoses.
By Cary Groner
The Coming Renaissance Will Unlock the Innovation Vault in Orthotics
I joined Langer Biomechanics toward the end of 1979. I believe the orthotic industry was about halfway through the first of 3 distinct periods in its evolution: the development phase. The science, education, and product development work of that era created a level of utilization by clinicians that forever altered the previous use of “arch supports” and replaced…
By Jason Kraus
Trending Now
Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
An Osteoarthritis Action Alliance Consensus Statement: Preventing Osteoarthritis After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, people need secondary...
COVID-19 Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors of People with Disabilities
Using a web-based global survey, an international team of researchers found...
Segmental Meniscal Replacement
Meniscal damage results in higher peak stress on the articular cartilage and...
Early Sport Specialization Trends & Injuries in Japan
Determining the effects of early specialization in a specific sport is...
School Park Temperatures Impact Children’s Physical Activity Time
Extreme heat may discourage physical activity of children while shade may...
Synovial Fluid Dysregulation Post ACL Reconstruction
Patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury are at high risk of...
Patients Report Benefits, Concerns Over Therapeutic Cannabis Use
As medical use of cannabis becomes more common in the treatment of chronic...
Cannabis-Impaired Driving
Researchers from McGill University and Lady Davis Institute for Medical...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
No Results Found
The page you requested could not be found. Try refining your search, or use the navigation above to locate the post.
Industry News & Updates
Corrective Foot Brace for Newborns
The Universal Neonatal Foot Orthotics (UNFO) patented system is a corrective...
Revere Embarks on New Growth Chapter
Orthotic-friendly footwear brand, Revere, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida,...
Taika3D, Mosaic Announce Collaboration
Finnish-based Taika3D, a global provider of custom orthotics software,...
Researchers Working to Map the Meniscus
The 2 menisci per knee are susceptible to wear and injury, and the meniscus is...
No Results Found
The page you requested could not be found. Try refining your search, or use the navigation above to locate the post.
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
FOOTCORE MAX
The FootCore MAX is an intrinsic muscle activation system for the foot, which allows the user to strengthen and rebuild the muscles that give the foot its shape and structure, including the arch. In just a few minutes a day, the patented technology, based on over 100...
3D-PRINTED CUSTOM WALKING BOOTS
ActivArmor provides custom-fitted, waterproof, breathable, low-profile walking boots for fracture care and offloading using their free iPhone app digital scan. Create a precise 3D scan of the patient, marking any custom features (offsets/exposures), and ActivArmor...
TEXTURED RECOVERY SOCKS
Naboso’s new Recovery Socks combine the benefits of compression socks with targeted foot recovery with texture stimulation. The socks offer 3 primary benefits. First, they enhance circulation with a patent-pending texture specifically designed to penetrate the...
PATELLA GEL PADS KNEE SLEEVES
Fuelmefoot’s patella gel pads medical-grade knee sleeves are designed for meniscus tears, arthritis, ACL injuries and injury prevention, joint pain relief, and sports injury recovery. The sleeves, which are made using 3D-knitted moisture-wicking material, promote...
ORTHOTICA LABS
Orthotica Labs, a state-of-the-art custom orthotics laboratory focused on lower extremity care, has officially launched following a successful 3-month beta testing program. With a focus on the practical needs of both doctor and patient, the lab’s technology platform...
DORSIFLEX
DorsiFLEX is a patented device that places the foot in 3D variable and adjustable positions to deliver a deeper, targeted, and amplified stretch of the lower leg and foot muscles. It was developed for individuals who have plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, turf...
NEW SUPER SOFT FOAM ROLLER
OPTP® has introduced the new PRO-ROLLER Super Soft Foam Roller to its product line. This foam roller features professional-quality and highly durable EVA foam construction, with a super soft density that offers the gentlest, most forgiving compression of all the...
DIGITSOLE PRO SMART INSOLE
Digitsole has launched its second-generation Digitsole Pro® system and smart insoles. This system was developed with, and for, healthcare professionals to improve the clinical assessment of patients with mobility disorders. It represents an important assessment...
ÖSSUR POWER KNEE
Össur’s POWER KNEE is an actively powered microprocessor prosthetic knee for people with a transfemoral amputation or limb difference. The motor-powered “smart” prosthesis uses advanced algorithms to detect human movement patterns, thereby learning and adjusting to...

























