LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
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Feature Articles
Strengthening Program to Treat Plantar Heel Pain
Addressing associated reduced muscle function and strength may improve treatment outcomes for plantar heel pain. People with plantar heel pain (PHP) have reduced foot and ankle muscle function, strength, and size, which is frequently treated by muscle strengthening exercises.
By John W. A. Osborne, PhDc; Hylton B. Menz, PhD, DSc, BPod(Hons); Glen A. Whittaker, PhD, BPod(Hons); and Karl B. Landorf, PhD
Severe Work-Related Lower Extremity Injuries Reported to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Background: Between two and three million work-related injuries occur in the United States (US) each year. A portion of these injuries involve the lower extremity. The US Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) collects information on work-related injuries and provides the information in several data sources.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
lerEXPO Conversation: Use Material Science to Optimize Clinical Device Performance and Reimbursement
Falls and falls-related injuries are a problem in individuals with chronic ankle symptoms. At last year’s Academy meeting, there was a great paper that talked about how they’re now developing outcome measures for lower limb orthotics, something we’ve had for a while in prosthetics. The author looked at his data and also data from the…
By Gary Bedard, CO, FAAOP(D)
Falls Prevention Interventions for People with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease, and Stroke
Research has shown that more than half of people with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease will fall within a 3- or 6-month period, respectively, while nearly 75% of stroke survivors fall within a year of the stroke occurring. Clinical trials evaluating the effectiveness of falls prevention interventions for…
By Nicola O’Malley, Susan Coote, Fiona McCullough Staunton, Eileen O’Connor, and Amanda M. Clifford
Surgical Treatment of Ingrown Toenails Part II: Post-operative Data
Ingrown toenails (onychocryptoses) are one of the most common nail pathologies, yet there is a lack of data to assess the evidence surrounding the nail surgery procedures from which clinicians must choose.
By Victoria Exley, BSc (Hons ) Pod, MSc; Katherine Jones, PhD; Grace O’Carroll, PhD; Judith Watson, PhD; and Michael Backhouse, PhD
Falls and Related Injuries Due to Chronic Ankle Symptoms
Falls are a significant health concern especially among older adults. While falls are associated with osteoarthritis (OA) and persistent pain at the hip and knee, falls have not been investigated in people with chronic ankle symptoms. According to qualitative research on individuals with…
By Munira M. Al Mahrouqi, PT, PhD; Bill Vicenzino, PT, PhD; David A. MacDonald, PT, PhD; and Michelle D. Smith, PT, PhD
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ShortTakes From the Literature
Socioeconomic Status Affects VLU Outcomes
A recent study in the Journal of Wound Care reported on the impact of...
Flip-flops With Custom Insoles Do Not Relieve Pain
A recent study from Brazil evaluated the use of custom-made insoles adapted to...
Talar Neck Non-Unions: Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of 8 Cases
Significant hindfoot deformity and morbidity can result from talar neck...
Ankle Motion During Landing May Impact Knee Injury Risks
A team of researchers from China, Singapore, and New Zealand built a computer...
Texting While Walking Puts Pedestrians in Danger: UBC study
New University of British Columbia research analyzing actual pedestrian...
6-Year Follow-up of Aging Marathon Runner
Source: Romberger NT, Stock JM, McMillan RK, et al. Six-year follow-up of a...
Flat foot Update #1: Strengthening Hip Abduction in Women
Recent research has found that strengthening hip joint stability can...
Flat foot Update #2: Focus on Intrinsic Foot Muscles First in Boys
A small study of 25 boys (age 10-12y) with flexible flat foot (FF) sought to...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Smart Sensor Takes the Pain Out of Wound Monitoring
Researchers from Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) and China’s Hebei...
Trial to Determine Most Effective Treatment for Hip Fracture in Older Adults
A new $10.8 million multicenter clinical trial co-led by Gerard Slobogean, MD,...
New Material Allows Adjustments to Prosthetic Limb Fit Throughout the Day Via Smartphone
A new dynamically adaptive material, ‘Roliner,’ that was developed by...
Improved Sensor Allows Researchers To Study Daily Walking to Mitigate Tripping
Using a wearable sensor similar to those used in smartwatches and fitness...
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Dance-related Injuries on the Rise
Dancing can be a beautiful work of art, a great form of exercise, or a fun leisure activity. But...
Movement Control Differs with Age in Children
Movement control, the ability to control one’s own movements, is required for the development of...
Sport Specialization Ups Fracture Risk for Female Military Cadets
Early sports specialization appears to take an even greater toll on young females than previously...
Pole Walking Offers Health Benefits, Improved Gait Parameters
The use of trekking poles while walking has been around for decades, having originated in Finland...
Use of a Wearable Plantar Sensory Neuroprosthesis Improves Fall Risk
By Laura Fonda Hochnadel One of the complications of peripheral neuropathy is a lack of sensation...
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Portable Ultrasound Device
Pure Skincare Co.’s recently launched ultrasound therapy device offers a variety of health benefits, as it may accelerate recovery following an injury, minimize cellulite and scar tissue, and ease post-workout body aches. The device uses ultrasound waves at a...
Reflective Kinesiology Tape
RockFlash Reflective Kinesiology Tape is a pre-cut, easy-to-apply tape that may help reduce joint discomfort and expedite recovery. Unlike standard kinesiology tape, RockFlash is made from reflective materials that reflect light from any source, such as headlights,...
Realtime Feedback on Walking Quality, Quantity
For gait analysis in real-time, the EVOLVE MVMT wearable device focuses on the heel strike and quality of each step, versus quantity of steps taken. It enables users to enhance their walking technique by improving muscle recruitment to achieve health benefits like...
Secondary Dressing for Malodorous Wounds
In addition to causing pain, swelling, and itching, leg ulcers can also cause a foul-smelling discharge. That’s where Cinesteam can make a difference. While there are other options to address wound malodor, the unique advantage of Cinesteam is that it is fast-acting....
Folding Travel Poles
The Motivator Folding Travel Pole combines the innovative, patented ergonomic Motivator grip with the York Nordic’s renowned travel poles to ensure the ability to continue rehabilitation and walking routines while traveling or on the move. The Motivator Folding Travel...
HCPCS Quick Coder
The 2024 American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association (AOPA) Quick Coder is now available. This redesigned, speedy reference to the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes for all orthotic, shoe, and prosthetic codes and modifiers also provides...
Staples for Midfoot and First MTP Joint Fusions
Designed to give foot and ankle surgeons ease of use and procedural efficiency, the procedure-specific DynaClip Delta™ and DynaClip Quattro™ bone staples—both with a 4-leg configuration—are pre-loaded on disposable inserters that facilitate quick deployment and...
Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies
Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies: Surgical, Prosthetic, and Rehabilitation Principles, Fifth Edition, remains the definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired and congenital limb loss. Developed in partnership with the American...
Protective Athletic Socks
MediCaptain is an innovative sports protection brand that has released multiple sports socks with unique metatarsal padding. This padding offers a pragmatic solution for athletes seeking enhanced foot support. These socks deliver special protection to the metatarsal...
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