LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
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Feature Articles
Parkinson’s Exercise Recommendations
Parkinson’s is a progressive disease of the nervous system marked by tremor, stiffness, slow movement and balance problems. Exercise and physical activity can improve many motor and non-motor Parkinson’s symptoms.
Submaximal Force Steadiness and Accuracy in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability
Lateral ankle sprains (LASs) often result in damage to the lateral ligaments of the ankle, reducing both static and dynamic ankle stability and resulting in a continuum of disability.
By Hyunwook Lee, MS, LAT, ATC*; S. Jun Son, PhD, ATC†; Hyunsoo Kim, PhD, ATC‡; Seunguk Han, MS, ATC*; Matthew Seeley, PhD, ATC*; and J. Ty Hopkins, PhD, ATC*
lerEXPO.com Conversations: Wound Care Technology Expert Panel
Wound care is a growing public health burden with new clinical products emerging seemingly daily. But how to know which products are useful for which patients and how to access such information can be a challenge for busy clinicians. lerEXPO recently hosted a wound care technology expert panel sponsored by vTail.
The Importance of Obtaining Wound Photographs
A picture is worth a thousand words – how many times have you heard that old adage? There is no bigger truth in wound care documentation. Wound photos serve as a visual reference and act as a testimonial on wound progression in the medical record. Wound photos supplement the EMR and encourage accurate documentation of the wound healing trajectory.
By Windy Cole, DPM, CWSP
Talocrural Joint Laxity and Range-of-Motion Following an Acute Lateral Ankle Sprain
The many articulations of the human ankle joint can be easily disrupted by “a mere sprain.” This research examines 2 specific deficits and their impact in the 6 months after an initial sprain.
By Bethany A. Wisthoff, PhD, ATC; Carrie L. Docherty, PhD, ATC, FNATA; Joseph J. Glutting, PhD; Geoffrey P. Gustavsen, MD; Todd D. Royer, PhD; Charles B. Swanik, PhD; and Thomas W. Kaminski, PhD, ATC, FNATA, FACSM
Are Static and Dynamic Postural Balance Assessments Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Cross-Sectional Study in the Older Adults
These authors investigate the impact of static and dynamic postural balance assessments and the effects of a cognitive-interference task on balance control performance in older adults. Postural balance control has been defined as the ability of a subject to maintain the center of pressure (CoP) within the…
By Alex Rizzato, Antonio Paoli, Marta Andretta, Francesca Vidorin, and Giuseppe Marcolin
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Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
Exercise May Decrease Parkinson’s Risk
In a 30-year study of nearly 100,000 females, French researchers found that...
Patellofemoral Joint Geometry and OA
In this cross-sectional study, international researchers compared...
BFRRE Improves Muscle Functional Capacity in Older Adults
Low-load blood flow-restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE) constitutes an...
Muscle Synergies in Chronic Ankle Instability
Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common musculoskeletal injuries....
To Decrease Pain, Increase Physical Activity
A randomized controlled trial from Japan examined whether compared with a...
Bone Stress Injuries at the Ankle and Foot
Writing in Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 2 European experts review...
Pooled Analysis: 75 mins/wk of Moderate Physical Activity Prevents 1/10 Deaths
One in 10 early deaths could have been prevented if everyone had met just half...
Measuring Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in elderly persons, including...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Fiber Optic Smart Pants Can Monitor Movements
New smart pants, which feature transparent optical fibers directly integrated...
Spinal Implant Allows PD Patient to Walk Again
A long-term Parkinson’s disease (PD) patient who had severe mobility problems...
Researchers Explore Use of Vibration to Treat PF
Treatment for plantar fasciitis (PF) includes pain management through...
Molecular Machines Could Treat Foot Fungus
That stubborn athlete’s foot infection an estimated 70% of people get at some...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
MagnaReady Adaptive Track Pant
MagnaReady®, a magnetic apparel company, has debuted its Reach adaptive track pant for men from the ULEX by MagnaReady® collection. Available in both standing and seated fits, the Reach pant is designed to transition from working at home to running errands to the gym...
Ankle Syndesmosis Repair System
Acumed has introduced the Ankle Syndesmosis Repair System with Acu-Sinch Knotless technology. The system was developed by a group of surgeons focused on trauma and the needs of foot and ankle specialists. This tendon and ligament repair device provides a single...
Summit Pro Prefabricated Insole
Forward Motion (FM) Medical has released the new Summit Pro prefabricated insole. This new insole takes elements and inspiration from other popular FM prefabs to create the ultimate package of comfort, support, and performance. The Summit Pro insole is a medical-grade...
FUELMEFOOT LOW-CUT COMPRESSION SOCKS
Fuelmefoot’s low-cut compression socks are designed to provide the support needed to relieve heel, ankle, and foot pain. The socks are fabricated using breathable, moisture-wicking fibers to keep feet dry. The reinforced heel and toe are designed for extra durability...
X-COLLECTION PROSTHETIC COVERS
UNYQ has released a prosthetic cover that can be stocked up and fitted in a single visit. X-Collection covers are now available for OttoBock C-Leg4 and 3R80 models, with more to come. Available from UNYQ partner clinics around the world, the covers bring durability...
ACTIVE BUNION IMPLANT
CoLink Vallux™ Active Bunion is a new, minimally invasive, joint-sparing correction technique for moderate to severe bunions. Surgeons can correct joint alignment in multiple dimensions while avoiding any restriction of the joint space and not fusing the joint at the...
PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING MAT
Naboso’s textured mats are designed to improve posture, balance, and strength through stimulation of the nervous system through skin on the bottom of the feet, helping to benefit professional athletes and those with chronic neurological disorders like Parkinson’s...
SWIFT RAY 1
The Swift Ray 1 device wirelessly attaches to a smartphone camera and captures comprehensive clinical data to better support assessment, treatment, and monitoring of skin and wound conditions. This advanced imaging captures and analyzes important physiological...
METEOR MASSAGE BALL
MyoStorm’s Meteor is a recovery product for soft tissue and joint pain. This massage ball boasts 4 levels of vibration specifically designed to be therapeutic, a portable size and shape, and a heating feature, which reaches 120 degrees. The Meteor is popular among...

























