LER Cover Story:
lerEXPO Highlights: Fibular Nails–Fad or New Standard?
This article synthesizes the key findings, surgical techniques, and clinical insights from a lerEXPO’s 2025 Gait Keepers Journal Club regarding the use of intramedullary fibular nails for distal fibula fractures. The primary focus is on a retrospective multi-center study published in the Journal of Foot & Ankle Surgery (JFAS) in 2023, which represents the largest cohort of its kind to date.
By Brian Burgess, DPM with Brad Abicht, DPM, FACFAS and Jeff Dikis, DPM
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Feature Articles
Motor Point Heatmap of the Calf
Mapping muscle motor points in the calf could improve electrode placement for neuromuscular electrical stimulation and thereby enhance outcomes.
By Elias Schriwer, Robin Juthberg, Johanna Flodin, and Paul W. Ackermann
Thick Shells, Medially Wedged Posts Increase Foot Orthoses Medial Longitudinal Arch Stiffness
A better understanding of how the medial arch stiffness of foot orthoses can be modulated by changing structural factors is necessary to better customize them for patients.
By Ana Sofia Tavera Pelaez, Nader Farahpour, Ian B. Griffiths, and Gabriel Moisan
Plantar Pressure and Fall Risk in Older Individuals
Previous studies have confirmed that there is a difference in plantar pressure between falls and non-falls in elderly people, but the relationship between fall risk and foot pressure has not been studied.
By Yifeng Yan, Jianlin Ou, Hanxue Shi, Chenming Sun, Longbin Shen, Zhen Song, Lin Shu, and Zhuoming Chen
If You Want to Ride a Hoverboard, Train For It!
Hoverboard continues to be an increasingly popular ride option for all ages. But these rechargeable self-balancing scooters with electric motors and batteries require serious attention to safety. Designed for personal transportation, today’s hoverboards can reach speeds of 10 mph, with the average clocking in at 7 mph.
By Robert Weil, DPM
Requirements, Needs, Wishes of AFOs for Children with CP
Ankle-foot orthoses are extensively used as a primary management method to assist ambulation of children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, certain barriers hinder their prescription as well as their use as a mobility device in all kinds of daily-life activities.
By Cristina Bayón, Marleen van Hoorn, Antonio Barrientos, Eduardo Rocon, Joyce P. Trost, and Edwin H. F. van Asseldonk
The Struggle to Stay Physically Active with Persistent Plantar Fasciopathy
Plantar fasciopathy pain forces individuals to make adjustments in physical activity leading to reduced quality of life. Plantar fasciopathy (PF) is the most common cause of heel pain, and is associated with decreased physical activity level and quality of life. There has been limited research on the experiences of patients with PF.
By Marianne Mørk, Helene Lundgaard Soberg, Aasne Fenne Hoksrud, Marte Heide, and Karen Synne Groven
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Lower Extremity Review
ShortTakes From the Literature
Smartphone Usage Negatively Impacts Standing Postural Balance
Researchers from Arizona State University and Carnegie Mellon University have...
Does Occupation Footwear Influence Slip Response?
This study investigated how walking in occupational footwear (OF) affects slip...
Minimalist School Shoes Improve Intrinsic Foot Muscle Size, Strength, Arch Integrity
Minimalist walking shoes have been shown to improve foot muscle size and...
2MTIR vs PR for Achilles Tendon Rupture
Acute closed midsubstance Achilles tendon rupture (ACMATR) is common, with...
Curcumin Alleviates Osteoarthritis Through the P38MAPK Pathway
A recent report in the Journal of Inflammation Research found that curcumin...
Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair Lets Older Adults Remain Active
Researchers from Emory University School of Medicine recently reported that...
Reducing Prosthetic Stiffness Can Improve Running in Females with Leg Amputations
Similar to nonamputees, female athletes with unilateral transtibial amputation...
Broström-Gould Procedure: 5-Year Follow-Up
Ankle sprains are a common musculoskeletal injury among the general population...
A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
New Flexible Sensor Can Improve Compression Therapy
Scottish scientists have developed a low-cost, flexible device that can help...
“Lighting Up” Bacteria in Wounds for Better Infection Prevention
When physicians debride a wound, such as a diabetic foot ulcer, they remove as...
Hanger Honors 2024 Partner Award Recipients
Hanger, Austin, TX, announced that its 12th annual Partner Awards honored 4...
Bridges Consumer Healthcare Acquires KT Tape
Bridges Consumer Healthcare, Chattanooga, TN, a consumer healthcare platform...
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Look at Reactive Balance After Sprain
To better understand how ankle sprains negatively affect balance, Kyung-Min Kim, Ph.D., ATC,...
Current ACL Return-to-Sport Criteria Fails To Identify 2nd Injury Risk
For young, active individuals, returning to sport after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury...
Young Athletes’ ACL Injury Risk Increases with Fatigue
ACL injuries are one of the most common sports injuries affecting adolescent athletes, leading to...
Results for Female ACL Graft Repair Methods Differ Among Younger Athletes
Female athletes are 2 to 8 times more likely to injure their ACL than males, however utilizing one...
Older Patients with Knee Pain Benefit from Allograft Transplant Technique
Knee pain in active patients over 40 is often difficult to treat but utilizing a special kind of...
A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Sustainable Knee and Ankle Braces
Life Wear Technologies recently unveiled the first-ever sustainable joint support for sport-related injuries, CleanPrene. Formulated from bio-based materials like oyster shells and plant oils and also post-consumer recycled materials like polyester, nylon, and...
Wide Width Socks
Launched in 2023 by the innovation and executive team behind Darn Tough Vermont®, Wide OpenTM creates wide width socks. Featuring quality, durability, and stretch for wide feet, ankles, and calves, Wide Open socks come in 4 heights (no show, quarter, micro crew, and...
Unweighting Gait Trainer
The Lite Run MarsWalk mobility device offers a unique antigravity therapy system that assists individuals with lower extremity weakness or paralysis, providing safe and comfortable therapy for patients. The system creates a distinctive “unweighting” effect, enabling...
Transtibial Inner Socket
Xtremity’s uniquely crafted flexible inner socket (FIS), the XtremityTT™ FLEX, was designed for patients with transtibial limb loss. This product offering provides a more adaptive socket fit and increases patient comfort within the prosthetic device and along the...
Compression Sleeves
COMPRESSPORT®’s R2 3.0 sleeves have an exclusive seamless design with multi-gradual compression. The fabric is quick-drying and the specially designed K-Protect band reduces impact. The new 3D weave activates the proprioceptors to improved balance and stability,...
Adaptive Ankle Brace
The BetterGuard ankle brace uses an intelligent mini-piston to provide stabilization and flexible compression to protect against common ankle injuries without restricting movement. Developed over 9 years by German engineers and designed for elite athletes, it delivers...
Book Outlines Signs, Symptoms to Prevent Diabetic Foot Complications
Paul Han, MS, DPM, DABFAS, DABPM, a renowned podiatrist and diabetes expert with over 30 years of experience, has published a book—”What’s the Foot Got to Do with My Diabetes?”—that offers an insightful and practical guide for managing diabetic foot complications,...
Equinus Brace
Thrive Orthopedics has added the Equinus BraceTM to its portfolio, for which it has been granted exclusive distribution, manufacturing, and patent rights, along with the exclusive lifetime license of all associated intellectual property, from IQ Med LLC, the product’s...
Aerodynamic Cycling Socks
DeFeet’s EVO Jet™ sock has undergone extensive wind tunnel testing and results have concluded that the product demonstrates market leading aerodynamics. Test results showed that at 38mph the Evo Jet saves a cyclist 24 watts over shaved, bare legs without socks. Bare...
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