Lower Extremity Review
Long-term lifestyle change programs can be effective at achieving weight loss for adults with overweight or obesity and can lower their risks for developing chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. However, enrollment and retention are challenging in long-term interventions.
Orthopedic researchers from the University of Michigan and the Toledo (Ohio) College of Medicine and Life Sciences recently reported that young adults with Achilles tendon ruptures (ATR) may be considered for either operative or nonoperative management. In this single institution retrospective cohort study of young adults (18-30 years at time of injury), 28 operative and…
Care fragmentation (CF) is a known risk factor for unplanned readmission, morbidity, and mortality after surgery. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of CF on outcomes of major lower extremity amputation for peripheral vascular disease. Health-care Cost and Utilization Project Database for NY (2016) and MD/FL (2016-2017) were queried using International Classification of…
Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have identified genetic connections between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The 2 chronic disorders have been suggested to share risk factors and underlying pathophysiology consistent with the “gut-brain axis” hypothesis. Previous studies, including a meta-analysis with 12 million patients…
Initiating a new prescription for blood pressure medications may serve to more than double the risk of life-threatening bone fractures, according to a recent study of more than 30,000 nursing home residents. The study, which was published in JAMA Internal Medicine, asked whether the initiation of antihypertensive medications is associated with increased fracture risk among…
Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City have designed a regenerative medicine therapy to speed up diabetic wound repair. Using tiny fat particles loaded with genetic instructions to calm down inflammation, the treatment was shown to target problem-causing cells and reduce swelling and harmful molecules in mouse models of damaged skin.
Ankle sprains are the most common lower-leg musculoskeletal injuries, frequently occurring among athletes and other physical activity individuals. This study sought to compare the ankle range of motion and dynamic stability of healthy and injured athletes for their dominant and nondominant legs.
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present significant challenges due to associated amputation rates, mortality, treatment complexity and excessive costs. Earlier work by these authors introduced a wound surgical integrated treatment (WSIT) for DFUs, yielding promising outcomes. This study focuses on a specific WSIT protocol employing antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) in the first…
In a unique longitudinal study out of China, researchers looked at the development of the arch structure in children in 3 scans (Footscan® plantar pressure system) over 2 years. They looked at gait data from 33 normal weight children and 26 children with persistent obesity.
The choice of materials for covering plantar orthoses or wearable insoles is often based on their hardness, breathability, and moisture absorption capacity, although more due to professional preference than clear scientific criteria. An analysis of the thermal response to the use of these materials would provide information…
Sarcopenia denotes the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, typical in older adults. This condition is critical given its association with adverse outcomes like falls, fractures, and increased mortality. Although awareness of sarcopenia has grown, early diagnosis remains challenging due to its…
This study showed, for the first time, that the combined application of a brief muscle lengthening and wide-pulse neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) delivered over the posterior tibial nerve can entail increased torque production as compared with the sole application of NMES.
Alpha-synuclein is a protein found in brain and nerve cells. Its normal functions are poorly understood. But when an abnormal form of this protein accumulates in the brain and nervous system, it can lead to serious neurodegenerative disorders. These are collectively known assynucleinopathies.
Painful midportion Achilles tendinopathy affects athletes at all levels as well as sedentary individuals. While the majority of patients will respond to conservative management therapy, surgery may be required for a sub-group of patients. This study investigated the presence of a normal Achilles tendon, but a tendinopathic plantaris tendon, in….
Osteoarthritis occurs when tissues in joints break down over time. The disease has become more common worldwide over the past few decades. Diagnosis usually involves finding signs of joint damage on an x-ray. But the disease likely begins long before this damage can be seen.
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