LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
Runners and shoes: The knowledge gap
Long-distance running continues to be a popular recreational pursuit in the U.S. The running boom of the 1970s opened the door for mass participation in road races and marathons, and today there are an estimated 36 million runners in the U.S. Increased participation, however, has led to an increased number of injuries as well. The yearly incidence of running injuries is estimated to be between 37% and 56%.
by Ryan C. Enke, MD
Plantar shear: Casting light on ‘dark matter’
Researchers and practitioners are gradually realizing that peak plantar pressure may not be as useful for predicting and preventing diabetic foot ulcers as previously thought, and are beginning to refocus their attention on plantar shear.
By Metin Yavuz, PhD
Yoga practice enhances management of knee OA
Research suggests that a tailored yoga practice can help reduce pain and improve function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Potential mechanisms include strengthening, improving flexibility, and altering gait biomechanics. by Richa Mishra, MD, and Sharon L. Kolasinski, MD
Balance assessments for ankle instability
Identifying balance deficits associated with functional ankle instability may help practitioners design proper rehabilitation protocols. But when it comes to accuracy and clinical utility, not all balance assessments are created equal.
by Scott E. Ross, PhD, ATC, Shelley W. Linens, PhD, ATC, and Brent L. Arnold, PhD, ATC
Strength in moderation: Finding synergy in CP
Strength training can help address weakness in children with cerebral palsy, but it can’t restore lost motor signals. Orthoses can help balance muscle activity while providing stability, but in some patients can hinder normal motion. Ultimately, the ideal synergy between the two approaches may be different for each patient.
by Cary Groner
The epidemiology of plantar fasciitis
Up to 10% of the population may present with heel pain, which underscores the importance of practitioner familiarity with the diagnosis of plantar fasciitis and the associated risk factors.
By Capt. Danielle L. Scher, MD; Lt. Col. Philip J. Belmont, Jr., MD; and Maj. Brett D. Owens, MD
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Industry News & Updates
Navy, Steadman Clinic partner for research
In a benchmark collaboration between two world-class research centers, the...
Dr. Scholl’s inserts lower peak VLR
Commercially available insoles from Dr. Scholl’s, a division of Wippany,...
Ipsen data show CP spasticity undertreated
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Comau, Össur invest in Iuvo exoskeletons
Rekyavik, Iceland-based Össur and Italian automation company Comau in October...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Incredibrace Sports Wrap
Star Nutrition announces the latest addition to its popular Incrediwear line, the Incredibrace elastic bandage wrap. Applications for the Incredibrace sports wrap include ankle sprains, tendinitis, and knee injuries, as well as general joint discomfort or pain. As...
G-walk Gait Analysis
The G-walk, now available from Rehabilitation Technical Components, is a pocket-sized, wireless gait lab for user-friendly evaluation of spatiotemporal gait parameters. To assess a patient’s gait symmetry, just strap on the cellphone-sized unit and instruct the...
Flexible Ulcer Dressing
Mölnlycke Health Care US announces the release of Mepilex Border Flex, a flexible bordered dressing for pressure ulcers, foot ulcers, and leg ulcers that is designed to fit the challenging contours of the human body. Developed in cooperation with clinicians, Mepilex...
Flexible Children’s Footwear
Keeping Pace has added to its line of children’s orthopedic footwear with the new KPLCW model, which features a newly designed flexible bottom sole. The new footwear features a double-depth, triple-width fit to accommodate ankle foot orthoses. Also incorporated in the...
Fascia Massagers
Franklin Fascia Massagers stand out from the self-massage crowd with their spiky exteriors. The spikes are designed to stimulate sensory receptors and increase circulation, while the kneading motion massages away tension and mobilizes connective tissue. Franklin...
Cadence Insoles
Cadence insoles are prefabricated orthotic devices designed to provide an elusive combination of semirigid support and shock-absorbing comfort to improve patient compliance. Designed by a physical therapist, each device includes a three-quarter length nylon orthotic...
GlideWear Liner Patch
Tamarack Habilitation Technologies introduces the newest addition to its line of friction- and shear-reducing products, the GlideWear Prosthetic Liner Patch. Featuring a patented dual-layer, low-friction fabric technology, the GlideWear patch provides a protective...
Sigvaris Zurich Collection
Sigvaris introduces its most luxurious line of graduated compression socks made from natural fibers. The Zurich Collection features two exclusive socks crafted from some of the world’s finest materials and designed to relieve tired, aching legs through improved...
ComfortLast Insoles
Powerstep’s ComfortLast Cushioning Insoles combine shock-absorbing gel technology and slow-recovery foam for maximum comfort. Full-length, total contact ComfortLast insoles are intended for patients with plantar fasciitis, heel pain, arch discomfort, metatarsal pain,...

















