LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
Pros, cons of pressure in foot orthosis design
There’s little question that dynamic pressure data have benefit for designing foot orthoses, particularly for diabetic patients, but recent focus on the technology’s limitations has clinicians wondering about cost justification. And what about those ubiquitous drugstore kiosks?
By Cary Groner
Gait analysis influences care of children with CP
Instrumented gait analysis can help characterize abnormal gait patterns in patients with cerebral palsy, which improves clinical decision making. Early interventions based on gait analysis can help minimize the long-term adverse effects of poor biomechanics.
By Frank M. Chang, MD, Jason T. Rhodes, MD, MS, Katherine M. Davies, BA, and James J. Carollo, PhD, PE
Next step for FES focuses on plantar flexor muscles
Functional electrical stimulation of the ankle dorsiflexor muscles effectively reduces foot drop in stroke patients, but also is associated with limitations. Now researchers are looking to address those limitations by adding plantar flexor stimulation to the mix.
By Emily Delzell
Venous ulcers: The role of compression therapy
The prevalence of leg ulceration in adults, either active or healed, is 1% to 2%, and the majority have chronic venous insufficiency.1 Although CVI has received less attention than arterial insufficiency, estimates suggest it is 10 times more common. Despite the prevalence of venous ulcers, they are often neglected or managed inadequately.
By Steven E. Zimmet, MD, RVT, FACPh
Ankle sprain prevention revisits shoes as solution
In the ongoing battle against inversion ankle sprains in basketball and other sports, high tops are old news. But shoe designers have begun to investigate other ways that shoes might play a role in preventing sprains rather than contributing to the problem.
By Cary Groner
Plantar fasciitis: A new take on custom orthoses
The medical literature generally supports the use of foot orthoses for management of plantar fasciitis symptoms, but evidence regarding specific orthotic designs is inconclusive. Early research suggests a temporary custom foot orthosis may be an effective treatment option.
By Caryn Doggett, DPT, Michelle Drake, DPT, and Robert Boyles, PT, DSc, OCS
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Industry News & Updates
American Academy of Podiatric Sports Medicine elects new president
Magali “Maggie” Fournier, DPM, a sports medicine podiatrist in LaCrosse, WI,...
Dillon completes AOPA-funded systematic review project
Michael Dillon, PhD, of La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia, has...
CMS updates 2018 Medicare fee schedules
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has posted a Medicare fee...
PFA 59th annual symposium set for November
The Pedorthic Footcare Association (PFA) will hold its 59th Annual Symposium...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Prepreg Ankle Foot Orthosis
The new dynamic ankle foot orthosis from Motion Unlimited is fabricated completely out of prepreg material for an orthosis that is intimate-fitting, lightweight, high-functioning, and durable. The company’s one-stage fabrication process is designed to create a brace...
Advantage Orthosis
New from Earthwalk Orthotics is the Advantage orthosis, designed to address the additional impact a runner experiences at the first metatarsophalangeal joint. This encompasses an everted rearfoot and a pes planovalgus foot type. An additional 3° extrinsic forefoot...
Rejuva Support Socks
Dr. Comfort now offers fashionable compression legwear from Rejuva. Rejuva knee-high support socks are available in an assortment of styles and colors so that users can find a look that fits their style. Available patterns currently include argyle, diamond,...
XcelTrax Walking Boots
Newly introduced by DJO Global is the XcelTrax family of walking boots, designed for support and comfort following trauma or postoperative procedures involving the lower leg, ankle, or forefoot. Models include Air Ankle, Air Tall, Ankle, and Tall. The lightweight...
Hollow Core Foam Rollers
Pro-Tec Athletics offers Hollow Core Foam Rollers, available in contoured or smooth styles. The contoured high density foam roller features raised sections—long ridges and pronounced bumps—to stimulate blood flow and allow for a customized deep massage. The flat...
L15 and Leina Comfort Shoes
Arcopedico USA offers new styles and colors for women. Designed with travel in mind, the new L15 slip-on collection boasts a nonelastic upper for comfort, flexibility, and circulation support. The slide-on walking shoes are machine-washable. Colors include black/...
Helix S Ankle Support
New from Bort-Swiss Orthopedic Supply is the Helix S Spiraldynamik Lower Ankle Support, designed to stabilize the ankle, activate the foot muscles through compression, and provide functional supportive restraint for classic foot deformities. The product features a...
Pedors Genext Dress Orthotic
The new Genext Dress Orthotic from Pedors Shoes has been designed with a lower profile to fit into almost any dress or casual shoe. Using the original Genext cork and rubber shell for orthotic support, a memory foam component has been added to give the arch a softer,...
FreeSport Knee Sleeve and Wrap
Breg has launched the FreeSport knee sleeve and wrap for athletes with mild to moderate discomfort, patellar maltracking, and related injuries such as runner’s knee. The FreeSport knee sleeve and wrap were created as a solution to issues of patient compliance, with...


















