LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
Influence of mental health on diabetic foot outcomes
As evidence accumulates suggesting negative effects of depression, dementia, and other mental health issues on gait and foot-related outcomes in people with diabetes, researchers are looking at ways to screen for risk factors and psychosocial issues earlier in the continuum of care.
By Hank Black
The role of hip extensor strength during cutting
Although most clinicians tend to emphasize hip abductor and external rotator muscle strengthening in injury prevention and rehabilitation, recent research suggests exercises to increase explosive hip extensor strength may be critical for controlling frontal plane motion during cutting tasks.
By Marc Norcross, PhD, ATC, and Sam Johnson, PhD, ATC
Using wearable sensors to characterize CP gait
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) facilitate the creation of a gait analysis system that is portable and suited for use in the clinic. Research suggests IMUs can be used to measure clinically important gait metrics in children with cerebral palsy, which may improve patient outcomes.
By Mahmoud El-Gohary, PhD; Sean Pearson, BS; Paul Vasilyev, BS; James McNames, PhD; and James Carollo, PhD, PE
Fluoroquinolones and risk of tendon damage
As ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones are prescribed more frequently, tendon-related adverse effects are also becoming more common. Experts often do not recommend these drugs, particularly for athletes or elderly patients, and emphasize that all patients should know the risks.
By Barbara Boughton
Peroneal tendinopathy management in tennis
Although not as common as Achilles tendinitis, peroneal tendinitis is seen in a certain group of patients with chronic ankle instability or with a cavovarus foot.1 Peroneal tendinitis presents as lateral foot pain and may also be of unknown etiology or associated with an acute inversion injury.
By Patricia Pande, MClScPT, CSCS, CPed
AFO stiffness can help optimize patient function
Decisions related to the stiffness of an ankle foot orthosis (AFO)—whether they involve device design or the materials from which it’s fabricated—can help lower extremity clinicians customize stability, biomechanics, and muscle function to meet individual patients’ needs.
By Lori Roniger
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Industry News & Updates
AMPUTATION DECISION AID WEBSITE LAUNCHED
A team from Australia’s La Trobe University’s School of Allied Health, Human...
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U-M TO BUILD EVERYDAY EXOSKELETONS
In an effort to bring robotic assistance to workers, the elderly, and more, a...
Implantable Magnets May Improve Prosthetic Control
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s (MIT’s) Media Lab...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Experience 40% Less Pressure with Duo Med Surg Shoe
Darco International is pleased to announce the latest addition to our line of products, the DUO Med Surg Shoe. The DUO is a high quality shoe that offers exceptional pressure relief to a wound or post operative site. The DUO features a dual injected EVA sole that...
Performance Graphite Orthotic
The new Performance Graphite orthotic was designed by Foot Management with athletes and low-volume shoes in mind. The latest technology allows engineered nylon to be blended with carbon graphite, creating a lightweight shell that offers functional control with less...
Medi-Dyne ProStretch NightSock
Medi-Dyne’s new ProStretch NightSock is said to help alleviate heel pain associated with plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, calf muscle cramps, and runners’ cramps. By keeping the foot in a slightly flexed position, the ProStretch NightSock elongates the muscles...
Unna Boot Zinc Oxide Compression Dressing
Oasis Medical now offers the Unna Boot, named after German dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna, who specialized in diagnosing and treating skin diseases. The Unna Boot is a cotton compression dressing with a zinc oxide paste applied uniformly to the entire bandage; zinc...
OPTP Stability Trainer
The Stability Trainer balance pad is the latest addition to OPTP’s line of balance pads, stability equipment, and exercise mats. The trainer is made from soft yet durable, nearly 2.5-inch thick, high-quality foam and features a non-slip, textured surface for sure...
Swede-O PowerWrap Ankle Brace
The patented, positive tensioning–system on the Swede-O PowerWrap Ankle Brace provides a personalized fit with no-tie laces, and the center wedge allows for natural ankle movement during activity. This brace is said to be ideal for athletes who tape their ankles to...
Therafirm Ease Microfiber Chevron-Patterned Knee Highs
Therafirm has added a new chevron pattern to its Ease Microfiber Knee Highs line. Like other Ease Microfiber hosiery products, the chevron-patterned knee highs are made with super soft, high-stretch microfiber yarns, making them easier to don than other...
Kintrol Hydraulic Ankle/Foot System
Freedom Innovations’ new Kintrol Hydraulic Ankle/Foot system combines advanced Kinterra hydraulic ankle technology with aerospace-grade fiberglass to provide K2-level ambulators with comfort and control. K2 ambulators are prosthetic users who are typically defined as...
Precise AT for Underfoot Stability
Precise AT (Arch Truss) insoles from Amfit were developed to provide the level of underfoot stability that consumers crave. These insoles are designed with an H-1-5 Stability Triangle philosophy that provides a flat, planed area under the heel and first through fifth...


















