Lower Extremity Review
The American College of Sports Medicine has updated its 1987 consensus statement on the use of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use, synthesizing more than 30 years of research on the topic.1 The College acknowledged that lawful and ethical therapeutic use of AAS is a mainstream treatment for several clinical…
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) issued an update to the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee (Non-Arthroplasty), which replaces the 2nd edition released from 2013. This 3rd edition of the CPG provides updates to 19 of the 29 evidence-based…
Researchers from Japan reported that immobilization reduces symptoms after lateral ankle sprain (LAS) but may worsen the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle and delay return to play (RTP). They sought to understand the correlation between ankle ROM and time to RTP following immobilization for LAS and studied…
Adults with knee osteoarthritis who had physical therapy, steroid injections in the painful joint, or saw non-surgical specialists were less likely than others to undergo knee surgery, a study of 988,570 Medicare beneficiaries found. The researchers say that while surgery is highly…
Human adipose tissue serves multiple roles in the human body. Human adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) are an increasingly popular cell source for biologic therapies in orthopedics and a major focus of research. ADSCs are multipotent and can be harvested from adipose tissue…
Clinical research—the trials and their findings—has become more transparent since the development in the early 2000s of clinical trial registries. These trials allow the public to follow trial progress on a registry website including recruitment, changes to the original protocol…
In a narrative review of 28 papers on pediatric obesity and sports participation, researchers from the Wake Forest (NC) School of Medicine identified 5 categories: Increased incidence of musculoskeletal injury in obese children, hypothesized to be a result of changes in…
Foot orthoses (FOs) are used to treat clinical conditions by altering the external forces applied to the foot and thereafter the forces of muscles and tendons. However, whether specific geometric design features of FOs affect muscle activation is unknown. The aim of this study was to…
Researchers from Boston wanted to understand the effects of dietary patterns on serum urate levels. In a 3-arm, parallel-design, randomized trial, participants with high blood pressure (BP) were assigned to one of 3 diets: control (typical American diet); the high-fiber fruit and…
With high intensity interval training (HIIT) continuing to gain momentum across age groups as a regular part of physical activity, Spanish researchers noted that beer consumption was also part of this group’s practice, and they wondered about its impact. They designed a study…
In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, researchers from the Division of Geriatrics at the Istanbul Medical School in Turkey wanted to determine the prevalence of fear of falling (FOF) and its associated impact on physical performance, functionality, and sarcopenia, as…
Both toe-out (TO) and toe-in (TI) gaits decrease knee load during walking and stair ascent. However, few reports have focused on stair descent, which requires a higher load compared with walking. In this study from the Division of Rehabilitation at the Hyogo (Japan) University…
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) contributes to reduced functional status, and lower balance confidence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with diabetes. In turn, functional status and balance confidence partially mediate the association between HRQoL and…
Hearing impairment affects nearly 2/3 of adults over age 70 and is a known risk factor for a variety of adverse outcomes. In this 8-year study of 2,956 community-dwelling seniors in the United States, hearing loss was linked to balance problems, slower walking, weaker endurance…
Researchers from China did a cross-sectional study of older adults with cerebrovascular disease who had had a fall with a fracture during a 2-year period. They found 768 patients with 815 fractures; 80-84 years was the group most commonly involved.
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