LER Cover Story:
Snake Bites to the Lower Extremity Reported to U.S. Emergency Departments
Background: Thousands of snake bites occur in the U.S. each year. Venomous snake bites can produce serious adverse effects, and even bites from nonvenomous snakes may cause adverse effects. Snake bites are often treated at hospital emergency departments (EDs). The objective of this study was to describe snake bites to the lower extremity treated at US hospital EDs.
By Mathias B. Forrester, BS
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Feature Articles
Vitamin D and knee OA: Many theories, few answers
Several patient populations with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis also are at increased risk for vitamin D deficiency, and research suggests vitamin D levels may be related to knee OA symptoms. The exact nature of the relationship, however, remains perplexing.
By Greg Gargiulo
Active Stance: Developing the sustainable knee in an age of early TKA
To sustain is to endure. Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a considerable worldwide health concern, as it greatly impacts an individual’s quality of life, general health, and societal role participation.
By John Nyland, DPT, SCS, EdD, ATC, CSCS, FACSM, David N.M. Caborn, MD, and Roland Jakob, MD
Functional tests to predict lower extremity injury risk
Adding four functional tests to the preparticipation physical evaluations performed in student athletes may allow clinicians to identify individuals at risk for lower extremity musculoskeletal injury and implement preventive interventions to maximize safety in sports participation.
By Alexis Meister, BS, ATC; Dustin Grooms, MEd, ATC, CSCS; Cambrie Starkel, MS; and James Onate, PhD, ATC, FNATA
Bariatric surgery: Effects on patient gait and function
Existing data suggest bariatric surgery-induced weight loss can lead to rapid improvements in gait and physical function. The surgery may also help to address factors associated with knee osteoarthritis, which itself can affect mobility and function in obese patients.
By Andrew W. Froehle, PhD, Neal Dollin, MS, Richard T. Laughlin, MD, Donovan D. Teel II, MD, Richard J. Sherwood, PhD, and Dana L. Duren, PhD
Influence of stride length on mechanics of pitching
Because power in baseball pitchers is generated from the feet through the core to the throwing arm, the study of stride length and its impact on pitching performance may help define an optimum technique that better protects pitchers from upper extremity injuries.
By Ryan L. Crotin, PhD, and Dan K. Ramsey, PhD
The ideal running shoe: An elusive, evolving concept
The body of research that has evaluated running shoe prescription and injury suggests the most important factors to consider when selecting a running shoe are that it fits the foot perfectly and that the midsole is comfortable and appropriate for the individual athlete’s running style.
By Thomas C. Michaud, DC
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A Foot Forward for Optimum Health
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Industry News & Updates
Soft Exosuit Designed to Help Seniors Walk
A new line of wearable robotics developed by The University of Texas Health...
O&P Techs Collaborate on Children’s Book About a Boy and His New AFO
Three graduates of the Prosthetic-Orthotic Technician Program at George Brown...
MediKaki Opens in Penang, Malaysia
MediKaki, a new shoe store “that is offering more than shoes,” recently opened...
CSF2 Merges with Solati Health
Custom Silicone Fabrication of San Francisco (CSF2), a company that develops...
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A Message From the Publisher
Welcome to Lower Extremity Review or LER as we call it. This long awaited magazine fills the lower extremity information gap for practitioners in the fields of Podiatry, Physical Therapy, O&P Pedorthics, and Orthopedics. With over 20 years experience in multi-disciplinary editorial development and publishing, the collaboration of this incredible team has made this publication possible
Rich Dubin
Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
Featured Products
Lower Extremity Review
Quantum V Body Comp Analyzer
RJL Systems, a pioneer of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) technology, announces its latest body composition analyzer, the Quantum V Segmental BIA. Whereas previous generations focused solely on whole body composition assessment, the newest model is a Class II...
Therapeutic Swede-O Socks
Swede-O Low Profile Performance Socks assist in preventing and treating plantar fasciitis, heel pain, heel spurs, and arch pain by focusing support and compression on specific areas of the foot and ankle. The Low Profile Performance Socks have targeted compression...
Perform Better FMS Test Kit
The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Test Kit is a quick and easy way for lower extremity clinicians to test and assess functional mobility, stability, and flexibility; a simple grading system can be used to quantify muscle weakness or imbalances. The kit is...
Sonostics HeartPartner
New from Sonostics is the HeartPartner, a noninvasive soleus muscle stimulation device designed to prevent or reverse lower limb edema and venous pooling, along with associated symptoms, including varicose veins and leg cramps. The HeartPartner provides a mechanical...
Pro-Tech Orb Extreme
Pro-Tech Athletics introduces the Orb Extreme deep-tissue massage ball, designed to reduce muscle fatigue and tightness, promote flexibility, and enhance athletic performance. The new device is firmer and features more prominent massage bumps than the company’s...
Tri-Stretch for 3D Exercise
Tri-Stretch is a portable exercise device designed to lengthen muscles three dimensionally. The Tri-Stretch program allows the user to stretch and strengthen in three directions—forward/backward, side-to-side, and rotational—with multiple joints working...
LifeGait System
MiniSun’s new IDEEA (Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity) LifeGait system is a portable, wearable method of cost-effectively analyzing gait, function, and activities of daily living in a free-living environment on a 24-hour basis. The system uses...
OPTP Catalog, 36th Edition
OPTP has published the 36th edition of its semiannual professional catalog. The catalog has been updated with new products in 16 diverse categories: balance, core strength and stability, foam rolling, foot therapy, manual therapy, McKenzie method, movement therapy,...
Medi-Dyne FootShield
Medi-Dyne announces the newest addition to its 2Toms line of blister-prevention, chafing, skin-guard, and odor-eliminator products. FootShield is a moisture and odor-control product designed for daily use. It contains a blend of natural antifungal ingredients and...

















